Spectrometer Dewar Vessel Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing spectrometers face challenges in efficiently regulating a sample at a desired temperature due to external ambient influences and inadequate cooling mechanisms, leading to measurement accuracy issues in quantum yield determination.
Innovation Solution
The use of a Dewar vessel to retain a temperature-regulating medium, with its second container portion projecting into the integrating sphere, combined with diffusely reflecting means to reduce light leakage and prevent external ambiance interference, allows for precise temperature control and improved measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the sample is cooled by bringing the sample into contact with the refrigerant outside the integrating sphere, then the sample can be cooled, but the temperature of the sample is affected by external ambient conditions making it difficult to regulate the sample at a desired temperature
Solution Approach 1:
A Dewar vessel is introduced as an intermediary component between the sample and the external environment. The Dewar vessel contains the refrigerant and provides thermal isolation, allowing the sample to be cooled while protecting it from external ambient temperature fluctuations. This mediator enables stable temperature regulation by decoupling the sample's thermal environment from external conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The sample holder is nested within the Dewar vessel, which itself is positioned within the integrating sphere. This nested arrangement allows the sample to be cooled by the refrigerant in the Dewar vessel while remaining inside the integrating sphere for measurement, solving both the cooling stability and measurement accessibility requirements.
2Reliability
If the second container portion of the Dewar vessel projects into the interior of the integrating sphere, then external ambience is inhibited from affecting the sample, but light leakage through the Dewar insertion opening occurs reducing measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The problematic light leakage path is extracted and addressed separately. A light shielding member is positioned at the Dewar insertion opening to block leaked light from reaching the detector. This separate treatment of the light leakage problem allows the Dewar vessel to maintain its temperature regulation function while the light shielding member corrects the measurement accuracy issue.
Solution Approach 2:
The light leakage that occurs due to the Dewar vessel's projection into the integrating sphere is converted from a harmful effect into a manageable issue. By strategically positioning the light shielding member, the design acknowledges the leakage but prevents it from affecting measurements, thereby maintaining the benefits of the Dewar vessel's temperature control while eliminating its adverse optical effects.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables efficient temperature regulation of the sample and reduces light leakage, thereby enhancing the accuracy of quantum yield measurements by minimizing the difference in light intensity leakage rates between excitation and measured light.
Implementation Method 1
a first container portion of the Dewar vessel located on an other end side, and a second container portion having a second inside diameter smaller than the first inside diameter and located on a one end side
Implementation Method 2
diffusely reflecting means which diffusely reflects the excitation light, as irradiated with the excitation light in the integrating sphere
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
A spectrometer 1A is provided with an integrating sphere 20 for observing measured light emitted from a sample S of a measurement target, and a Dewar vessel 50 which retains a medium R for regulating temperature of the sample S, so as to cover the sample S and a second container portion 50b of which is located so as to face the interior of the integrating sphere 20. The sample S can be easily regulated at a desired temperature with the use of the Dewar vessel 50 retaining the medium R so as to cover the sample S. As the second container portion 50b is located so as to face the interior of the integrating sphere 20, the temperature of the sample S is regulated by the medium R, while inhibiting an external ambience around the integrating sphere from affecting the sample S. Therefore, the sample S can be efficiently regulated at a desired temperature.