Spectrometer Diagnostic Device with Liquid Blocker Vent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current point-of-care diagnostics for diseases are limited by the need for samples to be transported to clinical labs, leading to handling issues, degradation, and subjective readings, which can result in inaccurate results.
Innovation Solution
A diagnostic device equipped with a spectrometer and fluidic channels that allows for optical measurements of fluid samples at the point of collection, using reagents in mixing chambers and detecting chambers to analyze samples efficiently and accurately.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If samples are transported to clinical labs for analysis, then comprehensive testing can be performed, but sample degradation and handling errors occur
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the diagnostic process by placing miniaturized laboratory capabilities (spectrometer, fluidic channels, reagent chambers) directly at the point-of-care location, eliminating the need to transport samples to centralized labs while maintaining comprehensive testing capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary device - a portable analysis apparatus with integrated spectrometer and microfluidic system - that acts as a mediator between sample collection and laboratory analysis, enabling reliable on-site testing without direct transport
2Measurement precision
If test strips are read by eye, then equipment is simplified, but reading accuracy becomes subjective
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/visual reading system (eye-based interpretation) with an optical measurement system (spectrometer) that objectively quantifies analyte concentrations through spectral analysis, eliminating subjectivity while maintaining portability
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the measurement parameter from subjective visual color assessment to objective spectral data (absorbance, transmittance, or fluorescence intensity at specific wavelengths), enabling precise and reproducible quantification
3Productivity
If samples are stored during transport, then collection and testing can be separated, but sample degradation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary testing actions directly at the collection site by integrating all necessary components (reagents, detection chambers, spectrometer) into a portable unit, eliminating the need for storage and transport before analysis
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables immediate and precise analysis of fluid samples, reducing sample degradation and subjective errors, allowing for reliable point-of-care diagnostics without the need for laboratory transport.
Implementation Method 1
making optical measurements of the fluid sample in the at least one detecting chamber
Implementation Method 2
a liquid blocker between the at least one detecting chamber and an opening of the vent, wherein the liquid blocker permits air to pass therethrough while at the same time restricting liquid flow
Implementation Method 3
Test strips are typically formed from a porous material that, via capillary action, transport a liquid sample across the strip
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus having a spectrometer and techniques for use thereof for efficient and effective point-of-care diagnostics are provided. In one aspect, a device is provided. The device includes: an intake port; fluidic channels connecting the intake port to a detecting chamber(s), wherein the detecting chamber(s) is configured to permit optical measurements of a fluid sample; a vent leading away from the detecting chamber(s); and a liquid blocker between the detecting chamber(s) and an opening of the vent, wherein the liquid blocker permits air to pass therethrough while at the same time restricting liquid flow. A method for analyzing a fluid sample is also provided. The method includes: introducing the fluid sample to the device; contacting the fluid sample with a reagent(s) prior to the fluid sample entering the detecting chamber(s); and making optical measurements of the fluid sample in the detecting chamber(s).