Spectrophotometer Scattering Correction Using Wavelength Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring analytes in bodily fluids using spectrophotometry require large and costly apparatus due to the need for wide-range light sources and monochromators to account for light scattering and absorption, making accurate measurements challenging with limited data sets.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that calculates coefficients to correct for light scattering and absorption using specific wavelength regions, allowing for accurate analyte measurement with a smaller number of data points by determining functional forms and applying them to correct absorbance values, thereby reducing the effects of light scattering and absorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a spectrophotometer with wide-range light source and monochromator is used to measure transmission spectrum, then measurement accuracy is improved, but apparatus size and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameters by selecting specific wavelength regions (first wavelength region with high light absorptivity of interfering components, second wavelength region with low light absorptivity) instead of measuring across the entire spectrum. This allows accurate analyte measurement using fewer wavelength points, eliminating the need for complex wide-range spectrophotometers while maintaining measurement accuracy through mathematical processing of the selected wavelength data
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and separates the effects of light scattering and absorption by measuring at strategically selected wavelength regions. By taking out the scattering component measurement (using the first wavelength region where interfering components have high absorptivity) and the absorption component measurement (using the second wavelength region), the patent can calculate and remove these interference effects mathematically, achieving accurate analyte measurement without needing complex optical equipment
2Measurement precision
If multiple wavelength data points are collected to account for light scattering and absorption, then measurement accuracy is improved, but the number of required data values increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement approach by selecting specific wavelength regions with distinct optical characteristics rather than collecting data across the entire spectrum. By choosing the first wavelength region where interfering components have high absorptivity and the second wavelength region where they have low absorptivity, the patent can determine scattering and absorption coefficients using only these targeted measurements, significantly reducing the number of data points needed while maintaining accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the spectrum into specific functional wavelength regions based on the optical properties of the analyte and interfering components. By dividing the measurement into discrete wavelength regions (first region for scattering characterization, second region for absorption characterization), the patent can efficiently extract the necessary information with minimal data points, avoiding the need for continuous or densely sampled spectral data
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate analyte measurement with a smaller number of data points, reducing the need for large and costly equipment and improving measurement accuracy by effectively accounting for light scattering and absorption effects.
Implementation Method 1
a component other than the dye component has a relatively high light absorptivity
Implementation Method 2
that component can cause such optical phenomena as absorption or scattering of light
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a component measuring apparatus configured to determine a functional form that describes wavelength characteristics of a variation attributable to scattering (S (λ)). The apparatus then determines unknown one or more coefficients (p, q) based on a first relational expression that involves a variation attributable to absorption (H (λ1)) and a group of second relational expressions that do not involve variations attributable to absorption (H (λ2a), H (λ2b), H (λ2c)). The apparatus then corrects an absorbance measured at an arbitrary wavelength (λ) using a function where the one or more coefficients (p, q) are applied to the functional form so as to reduce or eliminate at least the effects of scattering of light.