Spectroscopic Analyte Measurement Interferent Mitigation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Spectroscopic measurements of analytes in biological samples are often compromised by foreign interferents, leading to inaccurate results, particularly in non-invasive alcohol measurements where substances like lotions, perfumes, or medications can mask or obscure the analyte response.
Innovation Solution
The method involves interferent mitigation steps such as sample cleaning procedures, detection of interferents, determination of their identity, and modification or selection of a multivariate calibration model to account for the effects of interferents, which can be applied individually or in combination, to ensure accurate analyte measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If spectroscopic measurements are performed on biological samples, then analyte concentration can be determined, but foreign interferents (lotions, perfumes, medications) mask or obscure the analyte response leading to inaccurate results
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary cleaning of the sample surface before spectroscopic measurement to remove foreign interferents. This preliminary action ensures that the subsequent measurement is not compromised by contaminants, thereby improving measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system includes interferent detection capabilities that provide feedback about the presence of foreign substances. Based on this feedback, the system can adjust measurement parameters, trigger cleaning procedures, or alert the user to remove interferents before obtaining accurate analyte measurements.
2Measurement precision
If multiple wavelengths are used to improve analyte measurement reliability, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and data processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the spectral measurement into multiple discrete wavelength channels, allowing selective measurement at specific wavelengths where the analyte has characteristic absorption. This segmentation enables targeted measurement that improves reliability while managing complexity through selective rather than comprehensive wavelength coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts measurement parameters including wavelength selection, number of wavelengths, and spectral resolution based on the detected interferent profile and analyte characteristics. This adaptive parameter change allows the system to optimize measurement reliability for each specific sample while minimizing unnecessary complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively mitigates the impact of foreign interferents, allowing for reliable non-invasive measurement of analytes like alcohol, glucose, and other substances by cleaning the sample, identifying and addressing interferents, and adjusting the calibration model accordingly, thereby improving measurement accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
infrared spectroscopy measures the electromagnetic radiation (typical wavelength range of 0.7-25 μm) that a substance absorbs at various wavelengths
Implementation Method 2
sample cleaning procedures, detection of interferents, determination of the identity of interferents, and modification or selection of a multivariate calibration model
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention includes apparatuses and methods for mitigating the effects of foreign interferents on analyte measurements. The present invention comprises several interferent mitigation steps. Examples include sample cleaning procedures, detection of the presence of interferents, determination of the identity of interferents, and modification or selection of a multivariate calibration model to mitigate the effects of one or more interferents on analyte measurements. The interferent mitigation steps of the present invention can be applied individually, and in some embodiments can be applied in combination. Some examples of relevant analyte measurements include the noninvasive determination of the presence or concentration of alcohol, glucose, urea, byproducts of alcohol metabolism, and substances of abuse.