Spectrum Processing Apparatus for Noise Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Small-size spectrometers face challenges in temperature control, which affects the accuracy of bio-information measurements, such as blood glucose levels, due to the difficulty in implementing temperature control systems, unlike large-size spectrometers.
Innovation Solution
A spectrum processing apparatus and method that utilize a spectrometer to measure spectra from objects with and without the component of interest, and a processor to extract eigenvectors for each wavelength using PCA or SVD methods, correct noise caused by external environment changes, like temperature, using a least square method, and provide guide information for users.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a temperature control system is implemented to maintain measurement accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the temperature control function from the spectrometer system by using a reference spectrum measured from a reference object (water or air) that experiences the same temperature changes. This allows the system to compensate for temperature effects without implementing physical temperature control hardware, thus maintaining measurement precision while reducing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The reference spectrum acts as an intermediary that mediates between the temperature changes and the measurement accuracy. By measuring a reference object under the same environmental conditions and using its spectrum to correct the sample spectrum, the system indirectly compensates for temperature effects without direct temperature control
2Measurement precision
If a reference spectrum measurement procedure is added to compensate for environmental changes, then measurement precision is improved, but measurement time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by measuring the reference spectrum in advance under the same environmental conditions before analyzing the sample. This pre-measured reference spectrum is then used to correct the sample spectrum, compensating for environmental changes without requiring continuous real-time reference measurements during the sample analysis process
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a copy of the reference object's spectrum under identical environmental conditions. This copied reference spectrum serves as a template for correcting the sample spectrum, allowing rapid compensation without requiring continuous physical reference measurements during sample analysis
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively removes noise from spectra measured in varying external environments, improving the accuracy of bio-information analysis, such as blood glucose levels, by correcting spectra based on extracted eigenvectors, thereby enhancing the reliability of component analysis in small-size spectrometers.
Implementation Method 1
a light source which emits light onto an object, and a detector which detects an optical signal returning from the object
Implementation Method 2
The processor may extract the eigenvector for each wavelength by using at least one of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method
Implementation Method 3
The processor may extract the eigenvector for each wavelength by using at least one of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method
Implementation Method 4
The processor may remove noise, caused by the external environment, from the second spectrum based on the extracted eigenvector for each wavelength by applying a noise removal method including a least square method
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a spectrum processing apparatus for removing noise, caused by a change in external environment, from a spectrum obtained by a spectrometer. The spectrum processing apparatus includes: a spectrometer configured to measure a first spectrum according to a change in external environment from a first object, and to measure a second spectrum for component analysis from a second object; and a processor configured to extract, based on the first spectrum, an eigenvector for each wavelength according to the change in external environment, and to obtain a final spectrum by correcting the second spectrum based on the extracted eigenvector for each wavelength.