Integrated Spectrum Sensing for Real-Finger Authentication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fingerprint recognition technologies face challenges in distinguishing real fingers from fake ones, especially with advanced spoofing techniques such as 3D printed molds or transparent films, which can deceive under-display fingerprint sensors.
Innovation Solution
An integrated spectrum sensing device and method that utilizes the deformation of a finger when pressed, combined with spectrum detection in the time and spatial domains, to differentiate real fingers by analyzing spectrum distributions and variations using multiple spectrum detecting units and signal processing, employing neighboring light sensing cells and spectrum separating cells to obtain intensity ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If conventional under-display fingerprint sensing is used, then device integration is improved, but vulnerability to fake finger spoofing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional 2D fingerprint imaging to 3D spectral-spatial analysis by adding spectral dimension (multiple wavelengths) and temporal dimension (deformation over time). The spectrum detecting units capture spectral distributions at multiple wavelengths, and the analysis unit examines spatiotemporal variations during finger pressing, creating a multi-dimensional authentication space that fake fingers cannot replicate.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent monitors dynamic parameter changes during finger pressing, including spectral intensity variations across different wavelengths, spatial distribution changes, and temporal evolution of these parameters. Real fingers exhibit characteristic deformation patterns that cause specific spectral and spatial parameter variations, while fake fingers remain static or show inconsistent patterns.
2Measurement precision
If multiple spectrum detecting units are added for spectral analysis, then real-finger judgement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The spectrum detecting units serve multiple functions simultaneously: they detect spectral distributions across different wavelengths, capture spatial intensity variations, and record temporal changes during pressing. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate sensing components for each measurement type, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while maintaining high measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the sensing function into multiple spectrum detecting units, each capturing spectral information at different wavelengths or spatial positions. This segmentation allows parallel processing of multiple spectral parameters, improving measurement precision through comprehensive data collection while distributing the complexity across modular units that can be integrated systematically.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively judges the authenticity of a finger by analyzing spectrum variations, preventing fake fingers from passing verification and enhancing security without significantly increasing manufacturing costs.
Implementation Method 1
receiving light from a finger through the optical unit
Implementation Method 2
the physical phenomenon that a finger deforms after pressing so that light reflected by the finger has variations in the time domain, spatial domain and intensity
Data Source
AI summary
An integrated spectrum sensing device for real-finger judgement includes a fingerprint sensing array, an optical unit and a signal processing unit. The fingerprint sensing array optically coupled to the optical unit includes multiple spectrum detecting units receiving light from a finger through the optical unit to detect spectrum distributions or variations outputted from the finger to obtain multiple sets of heterogeneous spectrum data. The signal processing unit electrically coupled to the spectrum detecting units performs measurement domain analysis according to the sets of heterogeneous spectrum data to judge whether the finger is real. A sensing method is also disclosed.