Spherical Na-Fe Pyrophosphate Cathode Structure for Higher Compaction

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Solution Overview

Problem

The compacted density of sodium iron phosphate pyrophosphate (Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) remains relatively low, limiting its potential as a positive electrode material for sodium-ion batteries.

Innovation Solution

A positive electrode design with spheroidal or spherical sodium iron phosphate particles partially embedded into the positive electrode particles are partially embedded into the positive current collector, and the positive electrode is designed with specific geometric relationships to enhance the compacted density, including embedding depth, angle, and distance parameters, using spherical or spherical sodium iron phosphate pyrophosphate particles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If sodium iron phosphate pyrophosphate is used as positive electrode material, then high voltage plateau and high capacity are achieved, but compacted density remains relatively low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompacted densityVSAvoidenergy density
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs spheroidal or spherical positive electrode particles made from sodium iron phosphate pyrophosphate. The spherical morphology allows for better packing efficiency and higher compacted density compared to irregular shapes, directly addressing the low compacted density issue while maintaining the high capacity and voltage characteristics of the material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent embeds positive electrode particles partially into the positive current collector, creating a nested structure where particles are integrated within the collector matrix. This embedding approach increases the effective density by utilizing the space within and around the current collector more efficiently

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Quantity of substance

If positive electrode particles are embedded into positive current collector, then compacted density increases, but mechanical performance may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompacted densityVSAvoidmechanical performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial embedding rather than complete embedding of particles into the current collector. This local quality approach ensures that particles are anchored sufficiently to improve density while leaving portions exposed to maintain mechanical integrity and flexibility of the electrode structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial embedding of particles into the current collector, where only a portion of each particle is embedded. This partial action provides enough anchoring to improve compacted density while avoiding excessive embedding that would compromise mechanical performance and electrode flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Quantity of substance

If rolling pressure is increased to embed particles, then compacted density improves, but particle fracture risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompacted densityVSAvoidparticle integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The spherical or spheroidal particle morphology inherently provides better resistance to fracture during rolling compared to irregular shapes. The curved surfaces distribute stress more evenly, allowing effective embedding at moderate rolling pressures without causing particle fracture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the rolling pressure parameter to achieve effective particle embedding while avoiding excessive pressure that would cause fracture. By controlling the rolling pressure within an appropriate range and combining it with spherical particle morphology, the process achieves high compacted density while maintaining particle integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4672346A1Positive electrode and preparation method thereof, battery, and energy-storage device
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 XIAMEN HITHIUM ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
  • EP4672346A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4672346A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4672346A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A positive electrode includes a positive current collector and a positive active layer. The positive active layer is disposed on a preset surface of the positive current collector. The positive active layer includes positive electrode particles partially embedded into the positive current collector. The positive electrode particles are made from sodium iron phosphate pyrophosphate. The positive electrode particles are spheroidal or spherical. The positive electrode satisfies: b≤c•α/180°, where b denotes a depth to which the positive electrode particles are embedded into the positive current collector, α denotes an included angle between tangents at two points farthest away from each other on an intersection line of the preset surface and a surface of each of the positive electrode particles partially embedded, and c denotes a distance between an intersection of the tangents at two points farthest away from each other on the intersection line and the preset surface.