Spherical Pressure Relief Valve for Rapid Fuel Pressure Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional pressure relief valves in fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines are inefficient in quickly reducing fuel pressure and may cause damage due to excessive pressure and vibration, as they require time to open and close, leading to inadequate fuel injection and potential pipe damage.
Innovation Solution
A pressure relief valve design with a valve member featuring a shaft portion, pressure receiving portion, guide portion, notched portion, and fuel inlet port, which allows for quick differential pressure adjustment and valve movement, ensuring rapid pressure reduction and prevention of re-opening due to pressure waves, by optimizing the size, shape, and angle of these features.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a ball-shaped valve member is used in the pressure relief valve, then the valve structure is simple, but the dynamic pressure of fuel cannot be sufficiently applied to the valve member, requiring a certain time period for the valve to open and making it difficult to quickly decrease fuel pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The valve member uses a spherical valve body that rotates about a valve axis, with the valve opening formed by the interaction between the spherical surface and the valve seat. This curved geometry allows dynamic pressure from fuel to effectively act on the valve body, enabling rapid valve opening while maintaining structural simplicity.
2Ease of operation
If a column shaped shaft portion with conical portion is used in the pressure relief valve, then the valve can be opened, but the dynamic pressure of fuel cannot be effectively applied to the conical portion at valve opening time, requiring time for sufficient opening
Solution Approach 1:
The spherical valve body geometry allows dynamic pressure from fuel to be effectively applied during rotation, enabling rapid valve opening without the time delay associated with column-shaped designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve member operates by rotating the spherical valve body about the valve axis rather than linear movement. This dynamic rotation allows the valve opening to be quickly established as the spherical surface engages with the valve seat, reducing the time required for sufficient opening.
3Quantity of substance
If flow restricting element and flow restricting portion are provided, then fuel flow can be controlled, but it takes time for the valve member to be seated on the valve seat when closing, and pressure waves may cause re-opening
Solution Approach 1:
The rotational closing mechanism allows the spherical valve body to quickly engage with the valve seat through rotation rather than linear movement. This dynamic action reduces valve closing time and prevents pressure waves from causing re-opening, while flow restricting elements maintain fuel flow control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables quick reduction of fuel pressure in the high-pressure side fuel passage, maintaining optimal pressure for injection and preventing pipe vibration and damage, ensuring reliable fuel injection operations.
Implementation Method 1
a force of flowing fuel (a dynamic pressure of the fuel) may not be sufficiently applied to the valve member when the pressure relief valve is opened
Implementation Method 2
a biasing means for biasing the valve member toward the valve seat at a predetermined biasing force
Data Source
AI summary
A valve member of a pressure relief valve has a shaft portion, a pressure receiving portion, and a guide portion, wherein the valve member is axially movable in a fuel return passage. When a forward end of the shaft portion is seated on a valve seta, the fuel return passage is closed, while the shaft portion is separated from the valve seat the fuel return passage is opened. A notched portion is formed at an outer wall of the guide portion to thereby form an outer-surface passage. A fuel inlet port is formed in the valve member for communicating a fuel inlet chamber to the fuel return passage at a downstream side of the valve member.