Spherical Seal Ring for Axial Piston Machine Extrusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing axial piston machines face challenges with sealing ring extrusion at high pressures and rotational speeds, leading to material fatigue and potential seal failure, especially at oblique piston plate angles.
Innovation Solution
The axial piston machine features a spherical sealing ring with a constant radius of curvature, corresponding to half the cylinder diameter, allowing for a constant clearance with the cylinder wall and enabling lateral movement to deflect radial and tangential forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a sealing ring with smaller radius of curvature is used to maintain sealing contact, then sealing effectiveness is improved, but the sealing ring is more prone to extrusion and material fatigue at high pressures and speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing ring is designed with a spherical outer surface where the radius of curvature corresponds substantially to half the diameter of the cylinder. This spherical geometry allows the sealing ring to maintain constant clearance with the cylinder wall while distributing contact forces uniformly across the spherical surface, preventing stress concentration and reducing material fatigue during high-speed operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The sealing ring is designed to be movable laterally within the piston, allowing it to deflect radial and tangential forces dynamically. This dynamic capability enables the sealing ring to adapt to varying pressure and speed conditions, maintaining sealing effectiveness while preventing extrusion by redirecting forces through lateral movement rather than rigid resistance.
2Reliability
If the sealing ring diameter is made larger than the cylinder diameter to ensure sealing contact, then sealing coverage is improved, but the sealing ring experiences increased friction and pulse effects
Solution Approach 1:
The spherical outer surface of the sealing ring with radius of curvature equal to half the cylinder diameter creates a constant clearance gap between the sealing ring and cylinder wall. This constant clearance minimizes friction during the reciprocating motion while maintaining adequate sealing coverage, as the spherical geometry ensures continuous contact along the spherical surface rather than at discrete points.
3Stability of the object's composition
If a rigid sealing ring is used to maintain constant sealing contact, then sealing stability is improved, but the sealing ring cannot accommodate lateral movements and is prone to jamming
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing ring is designed with lateral movement capability within the piston, transforming from a rigid fixed component to a dynamic movable one. This allows the sealing ring to deflect radial and tangential forces by moving laterally, accommodating the oblique piston plate angle and preventing jamming while maintaining stable sealing contact through continuous spherical surface engagement.
4Duration of action of stationary object
If the sealing ring is designed for high-pressure resistance, then durability is improved, but the sealing ring geometry becomes complex increasing manufacturing difficulty
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing ring features a spherical outer surface with radius of curvature equal to half the cylinder diameter, a geometric form that is both manufacturable and functionally optimal. This spherical geometry naturally distributes stresses uniformly, enhancing durability under high pressure without requiring complex internal reinforcement structures, thus maintaining ease of manufacture while improving service life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design ensures low-friction, low-pulse, and reliable operation by maintaining consistent clearance and preventing extrusion, even at high pressures and speeds, thereby extending the service life of the sealing ring.
Implementation Method 1
the sealing ring is spherical in shape at least in a region which effects a seal on inner walls of the cylinder during the stroke movements—that is to say, is formed with a constant radius of curvature at least in this region—wherein the radius of curvature of the sealing ring, which is formed in a spherical shape in certain regions, corresponds substantially to half the diameter of the cylinder
Implementation Method 2
enabling lateral movement to deflect radial and tangential forces
Implementation Method 3
This design ensures low-friction, low-pulse, and reliable operation by maintaining consistent clearance and preventing extrusion
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an axial piston machine in which pistons carry out a stroke movement in cylinders and in which the pistons have a seal ring receptacle for a seal ring. In order to improve robustness, wear resistance, friction and stick-slip behavior, according to the invention, the seal ring is spherical, wherein the curvature radius of the seal ring, which is spherical in regions, substantially corresponds to half the diameter of the cylinder inner wall.