Spherical Antenna Element for Compact Shark Fin Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current on-vehicle antenna designs, particularly in shark fins, face challenges with space limitations, complex implementation, and high costs due to the need for separate development for different models and interference between multiple antennas, especially when adding new functions.
Innovation Solution
An antenna apparatus with a spiral-like metal wire winding antenna element and integrated inductance coil, supported by a base and amplifier substrate, optimized for space utilization and modular integration of multiple antenna functions within a sealed waterproof space.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an axial-mode helical antenna or magnetic helical antenna is used in the shark fin, then the broadcast receiving function is achieved, but the upper space of the shark fin is occupied and the layout of other antennas is greatly affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from planar PCB antenna designs to a three-dimensional spherical antenna structure. The antenna element is configured as a sphere with conductive patterns on its surface, utilizing spatial volume rather than just surface area. This dimensional change allows the antenna to achieve broadcast receiving function while occupying less linear space and enabling better integration with other antenna components in the shark fin assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested arrangement where multiple antenna elements are positioned concentrically within the shark fin structure. The spherical antenna elements are arranged along the central axis, with each subsequent element nested within the spatial envelope of the previous ones. This nesting approach maximizes space utilization by allowing multiple antenna functions to coexist in a compact vertical arrangement.
2Reliability
If a metal umbrella antenna is used, then the broadcast receiving performance is improved, but the implementation process becomes complex and the occupied space increases due to substrate and induction coil requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the antenna radiating element and the grounding structure into a single integrated spherical unit. The conductive pattern on the spherical surface serves as both the radiating element and part of the grounding system, eliminating the need for separate substrates and induction coils required by traditional metal umbrella antennas. This merging simplifies the implementation process while maintaining broadcast receiving performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental geometric parameter of the antenna from a planar umbrella structure to a spherical form. This parameter change allows the antenna to achieve the necessary inductance and radiation characteristics through the three-dimensional conductive path on the sphere's surface, eliminating the need for additional supporting substrates and separate induction coil components.
3Ease of manufacture
If a PCB antenna is used, then the implementation is simple, but the receiving performance is undesirable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite structure combining a spherical dielectric housing with conductive material patterns on its surface. The spherical shell provides mechanical support and electrical insulation, while the conductive patterns (made from materials like copper or aluminum) provide the radiating and grounding functions. This composite approach maintains manufacturing simplicity while achieving superior receiving performance compared to conventional PCB antennas.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple antennas are added to the shark fin for new functions, then the functionality is enhanced, but the space for each antenna is further reduced and interference between antennas increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a multi-functional antenna assembly where a single shark fin structure houses multiple antenna elements capable of performing different functions. The spherical antenna elements can be configured to support broadcast receiving, cellular communication, and satellite navigation functions. This universal design allows enhanced functionality without proportionally increasing the overall space requirement, as multiple functions are integrated into a unified compact structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the vertical dimension of the shark fin by arranging antenna elements concentrically along the central axis. This three-dimensional arrangement allows multiple antenna functions to be stacked vertically rather than requiring lateral space, thereby reducing interference between antennas while maintaining enhanced functionality. The spherical geometry of each element further optimizes space utilization by minimizing the horizontal footprint.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient use of space, reduces production complexity and costs, and minimizes interference between antennas, allowing for the integration of multiple functions like broadcast, cellular, and satellite navigation signals in a compact and cost-effective manner.
Implementation Method 1
an antenna element fixedly wound around the antenna element support, the antenna element being composed of a spiral-like winding and an inductance coil
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an antenna apparatus, which has an antenna cover and a base, the antenna cover being fixed onto the base to form a sealed waterproof space, wherein a first antenna assembly is disposed in the sealed waterproof space, the first antenna assembly comprising: an antenna element support; an antenna element fixedly wound around the antenna element support, the antenna element being composed of a spiral-like winding and an inductance coil; and an amplifier substrate fixed onto the base and connected to the antenna element. The antenna apparatus is applicable to frequency bands such as AM/FM, DAB/DMB, and TV, and has advantages of having a small size, low costs, high space utilization, etc.