Spherical Solid Amine CO2 Capture Apparatus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current solid amine absorption and capture methods for CO2 in large-scale industrial flue gas face challenges such as continuous operation issues, high fixed investment, large equipment volume, low CO2 purity due to impurities, and high energy consumption, particularly in achieving cyclic adsorption and desorption processes.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method utilizing a catcher, desorber, and cooler with spherical solid amine adsorbent, where CO2 is captured and desorbed using a cyclic process involving temperature-controlled adsorption and desorption, with specific operational parameters like temperature, pressure, and gas flow rates to achieve efficient CO2 capture and reuse, reducing energy consumption and equipment size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fixed bed solid amine absorption and capture is used, then application effect is good in small-scale occasions, but continuous operation cannot be realized and equipment efficiency is low in large-scale industrial flue gas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a static fixed bed configuration to a dynamic circulating fluidized bed system. The solid amine adsorbent is continuously circulated between the absorption reactor and regeneration unit, enabling dynamic operation that maintains high efficiency in large-scale industrial applications while achieving continuous CO2 capture and desorption cycles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous operation by circulating the solid amine adsorbent through multiple reactors in sequence. While one reactor is performing absorption, another is undergoing regeneration, ensuring continuous CO2 capture capability without interruption. This continuous circulation of adsorbent material eliminates the operational gaps present in fixed bed systems.
2Ease of manufacture
If fixed bed solid amine absorption and capture is used, then simple structure is maintained, but fixed investment is high and occupied area is large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces large stationary fixed bed equipment with a dynamic circulating fluidized bed system. The continuous circulation of adsorbent particles through pipelines and reactors reduces the need for large equipment volumes, thereby decreasing the occupied area while maintaining operational simplicity through automated circulation control.
3Use of energy by stationary object
If fixed bed solid amine absorption and capture is used, then low energy consumption is achieved, but desorption and cooling process takes a long time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous desorption and cooling through the circulation of solid amine adsorbent through multiple reactors. While one reactor performs desorption, another is being cooled, overlapping these processes in time. This continuous circulation eliminates the sequential time loss inherent in fixed bed systems where the same equipment must complete both desorption and cooling sequentially.
4Productivity
If fixed bed solid amine absorption and capture is used, then low cost operation is achieved, but CO2 purity is low due to introduction of desorbed impurities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the CO2 capture process into separate functional zones: absorption reactors, regeneration units, and cooling sections. The solid amine adsorbent circulates through these segmented sections in sequence, allowing CO2 to be captured in dedicated absorption zones while regeneration and cooling occur in separate sections, preventing impurity mixing and maintaining high CO2 purity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus enables continuous operation of CO2 capture and desorption, improving equipment efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing CO2 purity, making it suitable for large-scale industrial applications with low waste water and liquid discharge.
Implementation Method 1
a treatment chamber for adsorbing CO2 in flue gas by means of a spherical solid amine adsorbent
Implementation Method 2
a desorber for desorbing CO2 adsorbed by the solid amine adsorbent
Implementation Method 3
desorb CO2 at a higher temperature (80° C. to 110° C.)
Implementation Method 4
a cooler for cooling the solid amine adsorbent treated by the desorber
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein is an apparatus for absorbing, capturing, and desorbing CO2 using solid amines, the apparatus comprising: a catcher used for capturing CO2 in flue gas and comprising a treatment chamber and a delivery pipe for adsorption of CO2 in the flue gas by means of a spherical solid amine adsorbent, the bottom end of the delivery pipe being provided with a flue gas inlet, a first solid amine inlet, and an adsorbent inlet; a desorber for heating and desorbing CO2 adsorbed by the solid amine adsorbent; and a cooler for cooling the solid amine adsorbent from the desorber. Also provided is a method for absorbing, capturing and desorbing CO2 using solid amine. The present invention realizes continuous operation of capture and desorption and can be used for capturing CO2 in large-scale industrial flue gas.