Spin Resonance Sensor Element With Multi-Frequency Air-Gap Modulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing banknote authentication systems face challenges in efficiently detecting spin resonance features due to the need for multiple independent microwave circuits, which require significant installation space and are prone to crosstalk and manufacturing tolerance issues, making spatially resolved measurements difficult.
Innovation Solution
A sensor element with a magnetic core, polarization device, and resonator device that uses stripline resonators and modulation coils to generate multiple modulation frequencies, allowing for spatially resolved detection of spin resonance features without the need for multiple independent microwave circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple independent microwave circuits are used for spatially resolved detection, then measurement capability is improved, but installation space requirement increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple microwave circuits into a single shared circuit that serves multiple resonators. The circuit board contains one microwave circuit that is shared by all stripline resonators, eliminating the need for separate circuits for each detection point. This merging approach maintains spatially resolved detection capability while dramatically reducing installation space requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The single microwave circuit is designed to be universal and multi-functional, serving all stripline resonators simultaneously. The circuit can detect spin resonance signals from multiple locations in space through this shared infrastructure, making the system more space-efficient while maintaining comprehensive measurement capability across the banknote surface.
2Measurement precision
If multiple independent microwave circuits are used, then spatially resolved measurement is enabled, but crosstalk increases causing signal distortion
Solution Approach 1:
By merging multiple circuits into one shared microwave circuit, the patent eliminates the crosstalk problems that arise from having multiple independent circuits in close proximity. The single circuit architecture removes the harmful electromagnetic interactions between separate circuits while still enabling spatially resolved measurements through the array of stripline resonators.
3Productivity
If multiple identical microwave circuits are manufactured in parallel, then production capacity is improved, but manufacturing tolerance variations increase affecting functionality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple circuit functions into a single microwave circuit, eliminating the need to manufacture and assemble multiple identical circuits in parallel. This single-circuit approach inherently ensures functional consistency across all production units, as there is only one circuit design to manufacture rather than multiple copies that could vary due to tolerance accumulations.
4Area of stationary object
If installation space is reduced by using fewer circuits, then device compactness is improved, but detection capability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The single microwave circuit is designed with universal functionality to detect spin resonance signals from multiple stripline resonators simultaneously. This multi-functional design allows the compact single circuit to maintain comprehensive detection capability across the entire banknote surface, matching the performance of multiple separate circuits while occupying minimal space.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient, space-saving, and accurate detection of spin resonance features with reduced crosstalk and improved signal-to-noise ratio, facilitating high-speed authentication of banknotes.
Implementation Method 1
a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap
Implementation Method 2
a resonator device for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap, having at least one stripline resonator fed by a signal source. The spin resonance feature is preferably an ESR feature.
Implementation Method 3
The modulation device comprises a plurality of modulation coils, which are designed and configured for generating different modulation frequencies, so that the modulated magnetic field generated by the modulation device together with the polarization device has different modulation frequencies at different locations within the air gap.
Data Source
AI summary
A sensor element for testing a flat-surface data carrier having a spin resonance feature. The sensor element includes a magnetic core with an air gap, into which the flat-surface data carrier can be inserted for testing, a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, a resonator device for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap, having at least one stripline resonator fed by a signal source, and a modulation device for generating a time-varying magnetic modulation field in the air gap parallel to the static magnetic field. The modulation device has a plurality of modulation coils, which are designed and configured for generating different modulation frequencies so that the modulated magnetic field generated by the modulation device, together with the polarization device, has different modulation frequencies at different locations within the air gap.