Spin Resonance Sensor Core With Switchable Magnetic Reluctance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing sensor elements for testing flat data carriers with spin resonance features face difficulties in assembly, disassembly, and storage due to high magnetic forces and stray fields, posing safety hazards and complicating maintenance tasks.

Innovation Solution

Incorporation of magnetic potentiometers that can switch between two states, allowing for reduced disassembly forces and stray fields by redirecting magnetic flux, enabling safe and easy assembly and disassembly of the sensor element.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the polarization field B0 is maximized to increase spin resonance signal strength, then measurement sensitivity is improved, but disassembly forces and stray fields increase making assembly and storage difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespin resonance signal strengthVSAvoidassembly and disassembly ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic circuit incorporates adjustable magnetic potentiometers that allow dynamic switching between two operational states: a first state for measurement where the polarization field is maximized for high signal strength, and a second state for assembly/disassembly where the magnetic flux is redistributed to minimize disassembly forces. This dynamic adaptability resolves the contradiction by optimizing the magnetic circuit configuration according to the current operational requirement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the magnetic resistance parameter of the magnetic circuit by adjusting the magnetic potentiometers. In the measurement state, the potentiometers are positioned to minimize magnetic resistance in the polarization path, maximizing B0 field strength. In the assembly state, the potentiometers are adjusted to redistribute flux and minimize forces at the disassembly gap, thereby changing the effective parameters of the magnetic circuit to suit different operational phases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If the polarization field B0 is maximized to increase spin resonance signal strength, then measurement sensitivity is improved, but stray fields increase attracting magnetizable parts during storage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespin resonance signal strengthVSAvoidstray magnetic fields
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic circuit is designed with adjustable magnetic potentiometers that enable dynamic control of flux distribution. During measurement, the potentiometers configure the circuit for maximum polarization field strength. During storage, the potentiometers are adjusted to a second configuration that minimizes stray fields by redirecting magnetic flux through alternative paths, thereby eliminating the harmful attraction of magnetizable parts while maintaining measurement capability when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Measurement precision

If large disassembly forces are required to maintain high polarization field, then measurement performance is maintained, but assembly and maintenance become hazardous

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespin resonance signal strengthVSAvoidsafety hazards during assembly
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic circuit incorporates adjustable magnetic potentiometers that allow dynamic switching between two operational states: a first state for measurement where the polarization field is maximized for high signal strength, and a second state for assembly/disassembly where the magnetic flux is redistributed to minimize disassembly forces. This dynamic adaptability resolves the contradiction by optimizing the magnetic circuit configuration according to the current operational requirement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The magnetic potentiometers act as intermediary elements that control and regulate the magnetic flux distribution within the circuit. By adjusting the potentiometers, the flux can be redirected through intermediate paths that bypass the disassembly gap during assembly operations, thereby mediating between the requirement for high measurement performance and the need for safe, easy assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly reduces disassembly forces by up to 50% and stray fields, facilitating safer and more efficient handling of the sensor element during assembly, disassembly, and maintenance tasks without compromising the measurement capability.

Implementation Method 1

a magnetic circuit is often used to direct the magnetic flux from permanent magnets and/or coils to the air gap in which the banknote verification takes place

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic flux generation: Electromagnet

Implementation Method 2

a quasi-static polarization field B0 that runs parallel to the axial direction (z-direction) of the air gap of a magnetic circuit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 3

nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNuclear magnetic resonance: Nuclear Fusion

Implementation Method 4

electron spin resonance (ESR)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron spin resonance: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

Implementation Method 5

ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic resonance (FMR)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFerromagnetic resonance: Ferromagnetism

Implementation Method 6

the magnetic core has at least one magnetic potentiometer that can be switched between two states, wherein the magnetic potentiometer has a first magnetic resistance in a first state and the sensor element is configured in the first state of the magnetic potentiometer to measure a spin resonance feature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic resistance switching: Magnetic Reluctance

Data Source

PatentEP4419933B1Sensor element for testing a data carrier having a spin resonance feature, dividing method, mounting method and testing method
Publication Date: 2025.08.06 GIESECKE & DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH
  • EP4419933B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4419933B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~3(c)
  • EP4419933B1 patent drawingFigure 4(a)~4(b)

AI summary

The invention relates to a sensor element (10) for testing a planar data carrier (10), in particular a banknote, having a spin resonance feature. The sensor element (10) comprises a magnetic core (20) having an air gap (24), into which the planar data carrier is introducible for the purpose of testing, and having at least one dividing gap (30), along which the magnetic core (20) is divisible into two or more parts. The sensor element also comprises a polarization device (22) for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap (24). In this case, the invention provides for the magnetic core (20) to have at least one magnetic potentiometer (32) that is switchable between two states. In this case, the magnetic potentiometer (32) in a first state has a first magnetic reluctance and, in the first state of the magnetic potentiometer (32), the sensor element (10) is set up for a measurement on a spin resonance feature of a data carrier introduced into the air gap (24). The magnetic potentiometer (32) in a second state has a second, different magnetic reluctance and, in the second state of the magnetic potentiometer (32), the sensor element (10) is set up for a division of the magnetic core along the dividing gap (30).