Spin Wave Magnetic Sensor Compact Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing magnetic sensors face challenges in achieving compactness and sensitivity while requiring large bias magnetic fields, which can be cumbersome and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A magnetic sensor design featuring a waveguide with a first and second position for exciting spin waves and a detection position, utilizing a first and second electrode to propagate spin waves and extract signals, allowing for compact and sensitive magnetic detection with a small bias magnetic field.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If traditional magnetic sensor designs are used, then magnetic detection can be achieved, but the device requires large bias magnetic fields which increases device complexity and reduces compactness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical/magnetic field-based detection mechanism with a spin wave-based detection mechanism. Instead of using large bias magnetic fields to detect magnetic signals, the invention uses spin waves excited by microwave fields to propagate magnetic information through a waveguide, thereby eliminating the need for complex bias magnetic field systems and reducing overall device size
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating parameters from requiring large static bias magnetic fields to using dynamic microwave fields at specific frequencies (e.g., 10 GHz) to excite spin waves. This parameter change allows the sensor to operate without large bias fields, achieving compactness while maintaining detection capability
2Volume of moving object
If compact sensor design is implemented, then device size is reduced, but detection sensitivity may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes spin wave vibrations (magnetic precession) as the detection mechanism. By exciting spin waves at specific frequencies and detecting their interference patterns, the system achieves high sensitivity in a compact form factor. The vibration-based detection allows for enhanced signal detection without requiring large device dimensions
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs periodic microwave fields to excite spin waves at specific frequencies. The periodic nature of spin wave oscillation allows for resonant enhancement of the detection signal, achieving high sensitivity in a compact configuration. The detection electrode measures the periodic signal variations caused by magnetic field changes
3Reliability
If large bias magnetic fields are used, then magnetic detection is achieved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes the energy-intensive static bias magnetic field system with a low-power dynamic spin wave excitation system. Microwave fields at GHz frequencies require significantly less energy than large static magnetic fields, while still achieving reliable magnetic detection through spin wave interference patterns
Solution Approach 2:
By using periodic microwave excitation instead of continuous large bias fields, the system achieves detection capability with pulsed or oscillating fields that consume less average power. The periodic spin wave excitation allows for efficient energy utilization while maintaining reliable detection performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enables efficient magnetic detection with reduced bias magnetic field requirements, enhancing sensitivity and compactness, as demonstrated by the magnetic sensor's ability to detect magnetic fields with a smaller bias field compared to traditional designs.
Implementation Method 1
a first electrode that excites a first spin wave to be propagated from the first position to the detection position
Implementation Method 2
a second electrode that excites a second spin wave to be propagated from the second position to the detection position
Implementation Method 3
a detection electrode that extracts a signal from the detection position
Data Source
AI summary
A magnetic sensor includes a waveguide, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a detection electrode. In the waveguide, a first position, a detection position, and a second position are arranged in this order. The first electrode excites a first spin wave. The first spin wave is propagated from the first position to the detection position. The second electrode excites a second spin wave. The second spin wave is propagated from the second position to the detection position. The detection electrode extracts a signal from the detection position.