Computer-Based Spinal Disc Templating and Placement System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for templating and placement of prosthetic intervertebral discs are manually determined during surgery, lacking an apparatus or system to automatically determine the ideal size and position for optimal dynamic function, which is critical for successful surgical outcomes.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that automatically generate tables and schematic diagrams to determine the height, width, depth, and lordosis of both the actual disc space and prosthetic disc, providing merged volume images to ensure ideal prosthetic disc selection and placement, using CT or MRI scans and fluoroscopic guidance for precise positioning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual templating and placement methods are used during surgery, then the surgeon can determine disc size and position, but the precision and automation of the process is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical templating methods with a computer-based image processing system that automatically analyzes fluoroscopic images to determine disc space parameters and prosthesis positioning, thereby improving measurement precision while reducing manual intervention
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual three-dimensional model (copy) of the patient's spine anatomy from two-dimensional fluoroscopic images, allowing precise measurement and planning without requiring complex physical templates or invasive preoperative procedures
2Manufacturing precision
If automated determination systems are implemented, then ideal disc size and position can be precisely determined, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fluoroscopic imaging system is enhanced with computer processing capabilities to perform multiple functions: acquiring images, analyzing anatomy, calculating disc parameters, and guiding placement, thereby achieving high precision without requiring separate specialized devices for each function
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a computer-based image processing system as an intermediary between the fluoroscopic imaging device and the surgeon, automatically performing complex calculations and providing guidance while keeping the overall system architecture relatively simple
3Measurement precision
If fluoroscopic guidance is used for placement, then positioning accuracy is improved, but the surgical time and procedural complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary analysis of fluoroscopic images during surgery to automatically determine optimal disc parameters and positioning before the actual implantation, reducing the time required for manual measurement and decision-making during the critical placement phase
Data Source
AI summary
A method of determining the size and/or placement of a prosthetic disc in a disc space between adjacent endplates of two vertebrae in a selected spinal area, comprising: using a computer to identify the disc space parameters of height, width, depth and lordosis between the adjacent vertebral endplates; using a computer to create an artificial volume corresponding to an actual prosthetic disc that can be positioned in the disc space in accordance with a manufacturer's size and lordosis specifications for prosthesis; using a computer to determine the center of the disc space and the center of rotation of the prosthetic disc volume; using a computer to position the prosthetic disc volume in the disc space such that the center of rotation of the prosthetic disc volume is positioned posterior to the center of the disc space; and using a computer to determine the prosthetic disc volume that fits within the disc space in accordance with a surgeon's or manufacturer's specification for prosthesis.