Machine Tool Spindle Ring Damper With Adjustable Viscous Gap
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vibration damping devices for machine tool spindles are limited in their ability to adapt damping effects to varying requirements, as they are typically designed for a single exciter frequency and lack flexibility in adjusting damping performance.
Innovation Solution
A device with a ring-shaped damper mass movable relative to the spindle's central axis, held by spring elements with adjustable gap width filled with viscous fluid, allowing for adaptable damping by varying the gap width and fluid viscosity to cover a broad frequency band.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a vibration absorber is designed for a single exciter frequency, then the damping effect is optimized for that specific frequency, but the device cannot adapt to varying frequency requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a movable damper mass that can be adjusted radially relative to the spindle axis, allowing the natural frequency of the vibration absorber to be dynamically tuned. The spring element enables the damper mass to move radially outward during operation, changing the effective mass distribution and natural frequency to match varying excitation frequencies from the spindle
Solution Approach 2:
The natural frequency of the vibration absorber is changed by varying the radial position of the damper mass. By adjusting the pre-compression of the spring element or the radial displacement of the damper mass, the stiffness and effective mass parameters are modified, thereby tuning the natural frequency to match different excitation frequencies from the spindle
2Device complexity
If the damper mass is fixed in position, then the structure is simple, but the damping performance cannot be adapted to different operating conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The damper mass is made movable relative to the spindle axis through a spring element that allows radial displacement. During spindle rotation, centrifugal force moves the damper mass radially outward, dynamically adjusting the damping characteristics without requiring complex active control systems or multiple adjustable components
3Stability of the object's composition
If the spring element is rigid, then the damper mass position is stable, but the damping effect is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The spring element is designed with specific elastic properties that allow controlled deformation under centrifugal force during spindle rotation. The spring constant and pre-compression are optimized to provide sufficient radial displacement of the damper mass for effective damping while maintaining stable positioning when the spindle is stationary or at low speeds
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively dampens vibrations across a wide frequency range by adjusting the gap width and fluid viscosity, providing a simple and flexible solution for optimal damping performance.
Implementation Method 1
at least one spring element by way of which the damper mass is held on the housing with elastic resilience
Implementation Method 2
a gap is present between a circumference surface of the damper mass and an inner surface of the housing, which gap is filled with a viscous damper fluid
Data Source
AI summary
The invention makes available a device for damping the vibrations of a spindle of a machine tool, which spindle rotates about an axis of rotation, which device has a central longitudinal axis that is oriented coaxial to the axis of rotation of the spindle during use, and a housing that is provided for torque-proof coupling to the spindle and delimits a housing space that is configured as a ring space oriented coaxial to the central longitudinal axis and surrounds the central longitudinal axis, a ring-shaped damper mass that is arranged to move in the housing space relative to the central longitudinal axis and oriented coaxial to the central longitudinal axis in the rest state, and includes at least one spring element, by way of which the damper mass is movably held on the housing, with elastic resilience, with reference to the central longitudinal axis of the device, at least in the circumference direction of the damper mass. In that in the case of such a device, according to the invention, a gap is present between a circumference surface of the damper mass and an inner surface of the housing, which gap is filled with a viscous damper fluid, and in that, according to the invention, the clear width of the gap filled with the viscous fluid is adjustable, the damping effect can be adapted to the corresponding requirements in a simple manner.