Machine Tool Spindle Speed Control for Chatter Vibration Suppression

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing machine tool controllers are ineffective in reliably eliminating or minimizing chatter vibrations during cutting operations, often requiring skilled intervention and relying on complex calculations or data accumulation for optimal machining conditions.

Innovation Solution

A controller system that detects chatter vibrations using acceleration sensors and load detection, and automatically adjusts the spindle rotational speed within predetermined limits by generating a random change amount to eliminate or minimize vibrations, eliminating the need for stability lobe diagrams and reducing calculation complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If random spindle speed adjustment is implemented to eliminate chatter vibrations, then vibration elimination effectiveness is improved, but control system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechatter vibration elimination effectivenessVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the spindle speed adjustable and variable during machining operations. The control device dynamically modifies the spindle speed from its originally set value by adding a random adjustment value, transforming a static speed parameter into a dynamic one that adapts to prevent chatter vibrations effectively

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of spindle speed from a fixed value to a variable value through random adjustment. By modifying the speed parameter dynamically during operation based on detected vibration conditions, the system achieves better vibration elimination while the control device manages the complexity of this parameter change

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If stability lobe diagrams and complex calculations are used to determine optimal machining conditions, then machining precision is improved, but calculation complexity and data accumulation requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemachining precisionVSAvoidcalculation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control device performs self-service by automatically detecting chatter vibrations through acceleration sensors and autonomously adjusting spindle speed to eliminate them. This eliminates the need for operators to manually create stability lobe diagrams or perform complex calculations, as the system serves itself by sensing and responding to vibration conditions in real-time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical/computational approach of creating stability lobe diagrams with an sensor-based detection system. Instead of using complex mathematical models and diagrams, the system uses acceleration sensors to directly detect vibrations and triggers automatic speed adjustment, substituting theoretical calculations with practical sensing and control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively and automatically minimizes chatter vibrations during cutting operations, reducing the reliance on skilled operators and data accumulation, while simplifying the calculation process and ensuring consistent performance across various tools and workpiece materials.

Implementation Method 1

a sensor detects during manufacturing when chatter vibrations start to appear and when they stop

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcceleration detection: Accelerometer

Data Source

PatentEP3715048B1Machine tool control device, machine tool, and machine tool control method
Publication Date: 2022.03.30 YAMAZAKI MAZAK KK
  • EP3715048B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3715048B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3715048B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A machine tool (100) includes: a tool spindle (112), on which a cutting tool (CT) is mounted; and a controller (1). The controller (1) includes a control circuit (10), a determination circuit (30), and a setting circuit (40). When a chatter vibration is determined as occurring while the tool spindle (112) is rotating to cut a workpiece (W), the control circuit (10) determines a change amount (V) randomly from a range between an upper limit (UL) and a lower limit (LL), and rotates the tool spindle (112) at a second rotational speed (RS2), which is obtained by changing a first rotational speed (RS1) by the change amount (V).