Spiral Quarter-Wave Duct for Hydraulic Pulsation Attenuation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hydraulic circuit pulsation damping devices are inefficient, complex, costly, and prone to noise generation due to reliance on dissipative phenomena, limited frequency range, and mechanical reliability issues, failing to effectively reduce fluid flow pulsations and associated vibrations and noise.
Innovation Solution
An attenuation device utilizing a spiral duct configuration as a ¼ wave filter and a secondary duct as an ⅛ wave filter, positioned in the hydraulic circuit to induce destructive interference and reduce pulsation amplitudes across a wide frequency range, minimizing vibrations and noise without significant energy dissipation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If dissipative damping devices are used to reduce pulsations, then pulsation amplitude is reduced, but significant hydraulic energy is dissipated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces dissipative mechanical damping mechanisms with an acoustic wave interference system. Instead of using friction, viscosity, or other dissipative effects to reduce pulsations, the invention uses the superposition of acoustic waves in a resonant cavity to create destructive interference that cancels pulsation amplitudes without converting hydraulic energy into heat or other forms of energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase relationships of acoustic waves to achieve pulsation cancellation. By designing the cavity length to be one-quarter of the pulsation wavelength, the reflected wave returns in opposite phase (180 degrees out of phase) to the incident wave, creating destructive interference that reduces pulsation amplitude without energy dissipation.
2Reliability
If Helmoltz resonators are used for pulsation damping, then narrow frequency range damping is achieved, but efficiency is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the damping mechanism from fixed resonant frequency (Helmholtz) to quarter-wave resonant cavity. This parameter change allows the system to maintain high damping efficiency while being adaptable to different pulsation frequencies by simply adjusting the cavity length, thereby resolving the contradiction between efficiency and frequency range adaptability.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If accumulators with membranes are used for pulsation damping, then pulsation reduction is achieved, but membrane breaking risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the membrane component entirely from the pulsation damping system. By using an all-metal resonant cavity design, the invention eliminates the membrane breaking risk while maintaining pulsation reduction capability through acoustic wave interference, thus resolving the reliability issue associated with membrane accumulators.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If complex damping devices with multiple components are used, then pulsation damping is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the pulsation damping function directly into the hydraulic circuit configuration itself by using a T-junction and a resonant cavity. This integration eliminates the need for separate complex damping devices with multiple moving parts, achieving effective pulsation damping through a simple, compact structure that reduces both device complexity and manufacturing cost.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device efficiently attenuates fluid flow pulsations across a broad frequency range, reducing vibrations and noise effectively while maintaining low operational costs and simplicity, ensuring reliability and safety.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing a spiral duct configuration as a ¼ wave filter and a secondary duct as an ⅛ wave filter, positioned in the hydraulic circuit to induce destructive interference and reduce pulsation amplitudes
Implementation Method 2
efficiently attenuates fluid flow pulsations across a broad frequency range, reducing vibrations and noise effectively
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention concerns an attenuation device (1) of the fluid flow pulsation along a duct of a hydraulic circuit connected with a hydraulic machine, comprising at least an attenuation module (3) passed through by a pass-through duct (5) configured to be placed in fluid communication with said duct of said hydraulic circuit. In particular, in said attenuation module (3) a first duct (7) is obtained having an opened first end (70) in fluid communication with said pass-through duct (5), and a closed second end, said first duct (7) extending along a curved line comprising a plurality of curved sections, said first duct (7) being adapted to attenuate the pulsation of said fluid flow along said duct of said hydraulic circuit to reduce the vibrations generated by said pulsation of said fluid flow.