Spiro-Ring Si Rhodamine Dye for Single-Molecule Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluorescent dyes with Si rhodamine backbones have a high duty cycle, making it difficult to detect single-molecule luminescence effectively for super-resolution microscopy.
Innovation Solution
A novel fluorescent dye is developed by incorporating a spiro-ring structure with an Si atom as the spiro atom into the Si rhodamine backbone, reducing the duty cycle and enhancing sporadic light emission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fluorescent dye with Si rhodamine backbone is used, then the dye maintains structural stability and fluorescence properties, but the duty cycle is high making single-molecule luminescence detection difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a spiro-ring structure that can dynamically open and close, transitioning the fluorescent dye between fluorescent and non-fluorescent states. This dynamic structural change reduces the duty cycle by controlling the time the dye spends in the fluorescent state, thereby improving detectability of single-molecule luminescence while maintaining overall fluorescence stability when open.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the molecular structure by incorporating a spiro-ring with specific substituents (R1-R11) that can change the photophysical parameters of the dye. The spiro-ring opening/closing action changes the conjugation and electron distribution, thereby altering the duty cycle parameter to optimize both stability and detectability.
2Difficulty of detecting and measuring
If the duty cycle is reduced to improve single-molecule detection, then detectability improves, but the duration of fluorescent emission is shortened
Solution Approach 1:
The spiro-ring structure provides periodic opening and closing cycles, creating intermittent fluorescent emission. This periodic action allows the dye to spend more time in the non-fluorescent closed state (reducing duty cycle) while still providing sufficient fluorescent bursts for detection when open, effectively decoupling detection efficiency from continuous emission duration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel fluorescent dye exhibits a decreased duty cycle, facilitating easier detection of single-molecule luminescence and improving the suitability for super-resolution microscopy.
Implementation Method 1
a state where an intramolecular spiro ring in which the spiro atom is a carbon atom located at position-9 in a xanthene ring moiety is formed (i.e., a ring-closed form) and a state where the spiro ring is cleaved (i.e., a ring-opened form) are in equilibrium with each other
Implementation Method 2
A rhodamine compound in the ring-opened form exerts absorption and fluorescence, while a rhodamine compound in the ring-closed form is colorless and non-fluorescent
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is: a fluorescent dye comprising a compound, a tautomer of the compound, or a salt of the compound or the tautomer; a labeled composite substance comprising the fluorescent dye and a composite substance which are bonded to each other; a composition containing the fluorescent dye or the labeled composite substance; and a method for acquiring information about a substance of interest by a super-resolution microscopy.