Split Slot Antenna Layout for High-Isolation Metal-Frame Terminals
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge is to deploy multiple antennas in limited design space of terminals with a high screen-to-body ratio and metal frames, while maintaining effective antenna isolation and design simplicity, especially for terminals with all-metal industrial designs.
Innovation Solution
The antenna apparatus features a split antenna on a metal frame and a slot antenna connected to the PCB floor, utilizing two radiation modes with orthogonal polarization directions to achieve high isolation, allowing for a modular and expandable multi-antenna design that can be applied to terminals with metal frames or all-metal IDs, without requiring clearance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If stacked antenna with decoupling technologies is used, then antenna isolation is improved, but device complexity and occupied space increase
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into two distinct units: a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, positioned at different locations on the terminal. This segmentation allows each antenna to operate independently with orthogonal polarizations, achieving isolation without requiring complex decoupling structures like neutralization wires or choke slots.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes spatial separation by positioning antenna units at different locations and orientations on the terminal body. By exploiting the three-dimensional space and orthogonal polarization directions, the design achieves isolation through geometric arrangement rather than complex electromagnetic decoupling mechanisms.
2Reliability
If stacked antenna with decoupling technologies is used, then antenna isolation is improved, but occupied space increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple distributed units rather than stacking them vertically. This allows the antennas to be placed in available spaces around the terminal (such as near corners or edges) without requiring a large vertical clearance, thus reducing the occupied space while maintaining isolation through spatial and polarization diversity.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of utilizing the vertical dimension for antenna stacking, the patent distributes antenna units across the terminal's surface area, utilizing horizontal and lateral spaces. This dimensional transition allows compact integration without compromising antenna isolation.
3Device complexity
If compact dual-antenna pair is used, then design simplicity and expandability are improved, but applicability to metal ID terminals is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent places antenna units at specific locations on the terminal body with particular orientations, optimizing their positions relative to the metal frame and PCB floor. By adjusting the local characteristics of each antenna unit's position and orientation, the design achieves effective radiation and isolation even in the presence of metal structures, making it adaptable to metal ID terminals.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces the PCB floor as an intermediary element between the antenna units and the metal frame. The PCB floor serves as a mounting platform that electrically isolates the antenna units from the metal frame, enabling the compact dual-antenna design to function effectively on metal ID terminals without direct metal-to-metal interference.
4Quantity of substance
If more antenna units are deployed, then frequency band coverage is improved, but available space is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into multiple independent units that can be distributed across different locations on the terminal. This segmentation allows each unit to be compact and positioned in available spaces without requiring a large continuous area, enabling deployment of multiple antennas for wide frequency coverage in limited space.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from planar antenna placement to three-dimensional spatial distribution, utilizing vertical and lateral spaces around the terminal. By positioning antenna units at different heights and locations, the design accommodates multiple antenna units without proportionally increasing the occupied footprint area.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables a compact, high-isolation multi-antenna design that covers various frequency bands, including Sub-6G and Wi-Fi frequencies, while maintaining a simple structure and being applicable to terminals with metal frames or all-metal IDs, ensuring efficient radiation and easy expansion.
Implementation Method 1
A first feeding network may be connected to two sides of the split. The first feeding network may be used to excite the antenna apparatus to generate a first radiation mode. A primary radiator of the first radiation mode is the slot. A half wavelength in-phase electric field is distributed over the slot.
Implementation Method 2
A second feeding network may be further connected to one side of the split. The second feeding network may be used to excite the antenna apparatus to generate a second radiation mode. A primary radiator of the second radiation mode is the PCB floor. An in-phase current loop is distributed around the slot. A polarization direction of the first radiation mode is orthogonal to a polarization direction of the second radiation mode.
Data Source
AI summary
A terminal comprises a printed circuit board (PCB), a PCB floor, and a rear cover. The metal frame is disposed at edges of the PCB floor. The PCB floor is disposed between the PCB and the rear cover, and the PCB floor is used to ground electronic components. The antenna apparatus may include a split antenna formed by a split provided on the metal frame, and a slot antenna formed by a slot connecting to the split. The slot may be connected to the split at a middle position on one side of the slot, and the slot may be provided on the metal frame of the terminal or on a PCB floor of the terminal.