Orthogonal Split Tubular Diaphragm for Wide Directivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional riffell speakers are not suitable for reproducing low frequencies and exhibit significant changes in directivity based on orientation, requiring additional configurations like multi-speaker systems for full-frequency range reproduction.
Innovation Solution
An electroacoustic transducer with a diaphragm featuring two pairs of longitudinal split tubular surfaces, arranged orthogonally, which enables wide directivity across a wide frequency range, including low frequencies, by utilizing the diaphragm's shape to facilitate piston motion and uniform vibration, maintaining consistent directivity regardless of orientation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional riffell speaker diaphragm is used, then wide directivity at middle and high frequencies is achieved, but low frequency reproduction capability deteriorates and multi-speaker systems are required
Solution Approach 1:
The diaphragm is divided into multiple vibration portions (first, second, third, and fourth curved vibration portions) with different orientations. Each portion radiates sound in different directions, and their combined effect achieves wide directivity across the full frequency range including low frequencies, eliminating the need for additional speakers.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a single-plane diaphragm to a multi-dimensional structure with vibration portions extending in different directions (front, rear, left, right). This spatial arrangement allows sound radiation in multiple dimensions simultaneously, achieving wide directivity and full-frequency reproduction from a single speaker unit.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional riffell speaker is oriented vertically or horizontally, then installation flexibility is improved, but directivity changes greatly depending on orientation
Solution Approach 1:
The diaphragm employs an asymmetric configuration with vibration portions of different sizes and orientations (front-rear portions vs. left-right portions). This asymmetric design ensures that regardless of whether the speaker is mounted vertically or horizontally, at least some vibration portions maintain optimal orientation for wide directivity performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The multi-oriented diaphragm structure makes the speaker universally adaptable to different mounting orientations (vertical or horizontal) while maintaining consistent directivity performance. The same diaphragm design fulfills multiple functional requirements for different installation scenarios without performance degradation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows a single speaker unit to function as a full-range speaker with wide directivity from low to high frequencies, reducing the need for additional speakers and maintaining consistent performance in any orientation, while also applying to microphones for improved sound pickup.
Implementation Method 1
a voice coil motor (converter) disposed at a central portion of the diaphragm in each of the four vibration portions
Implementation Method 2
a diaphragm having four curved vibration portions protruding respectively in directions intersecting each other
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
A low-cost electroacoustic transducer with a single speaker unit is provided which exhibits a wide directivity over a wide frequency range from low frequencies to high frequencies. This electroacoustic transducer has substantially the same directivity even when the speaker unit is disposed in any orientation such as a vertical orientation or a horizontal orientation. The electroacoustic transducer includes: a diaphragm 1 having two pairs of longitudinal split tubular surfaces 5; a converter that performs conversion between vibration of the diaphragm 1 and an electric signal corresponding to the vibration; and a supporter that supports the diaphragm 1 such that the diaphragm 1 is movable in a vibration direction. The diaphragm 1 is configured such that the two pairs of longitudinal split tubular surfaces form valleys 6 and ridge portions 12. In each pair of the two pairs of longitudinal split tubular surfaces 5, one-side portions of the respective longitudinal split tubular surfaces 5 form a valley 6. An other-side portion of the split tubular surface 5 of each one of the two pairs and an other-side portion of the split tubular surface 5 of the other of the two pairs form a ridge portion 12. The two pairs of longitudinal split tubular surfaces 5 are arranged such that the valleys 6 are orthogonal to each other and/or such that the ridge portions 12 are orthogonal to each other.