Split-Type Rock Deformation Sensor Under High Hydraulic Pressure
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Solution Overview
Problem
In-situ rock mass deformation measurement under high hydraulic pressure is challenging due to limited sensor installation space, manual reading limitations, and the need for high-precision, digitalized data acquisition in a closed and narrow environment, especially in high dam reservoirs and hydropower projects.
Innovation Solution
A split-type device utilizing a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) sensor with a split design and seal components, featuring friction-free measurement, high resolution, and input/output isolation, allowing for precise digitalization and high hydraulic pressure resistance, comprising a signal processing bin, measuring units with a magnetic iron core, non-magnetic coil framework, and a sealed coil, connected through a signal output cable for centralized data acquisition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a traditional dial gage or optical grating transducer is used for deformation measurement, then manual reading or automatic acquisition can be performed, but the measurement precision and digitalization capability are insufficient for high hydraulic pressure environments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical dial gages and optical systems with an LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) sensor that converts mechanical displacement directly into electrical signals. This substitution enables automatic digital acquisition of deformation data with micro-level precision, eliminating manual reading limitations while maintaining high measurement accuracy in high hydraulic pressure environments.
2Ease of operation
If the sensor installation space is increased to accommodate manual reset operations, then manual reading can be performed, but the device cannot be used in closed and narrow spaces
Solution Approach 1:
The LVDT sensor is designed with a compact structure that eliminates the need for manual reset operations. The sensor continuously and automatically records deformation data throughout the entire testing process, including during high hydraulic pressure loading, without requiring human intervention. This self-service capability allows the device to be installed in closed and narrow spaces where manual operations are impossible.
3Measurement precision
If the measuring device is designed with high precision and large measurement range, then deformation data accuracy is improved, but the device complexity and component size increase
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring device is segmented into modular components: the LVDT sensor unit, the high hydraulic pressure-resistant sealing structure, and the data acquisition system. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently - the LVDT sensor provides high precision measurement with compact dimensions, while the sealing structure protects it from high pressure without adding significant size.
Solution Approach 2:
The LVDT sensor is nested within a compact sealing structure that protects it from high hydraulic pressure. The magnetic iron core is suspended within the coil assembly, and the entire sensor unit is integrated into a space-efficient configuration that minimizes overall component size while maintaining measurement precision and pressure resistance.
4Adaptability or versatility
If the coil and circuit board are exposed to high hydraulic pressure, then the sensor can be installed in high pressure environments, but water infiltration and corrosion will occur
Solution Approach 1:
A high hydraulic pressure-resistant sealing structure is designed to enclose the coil and circuit board, forming a protective barrier against water infiltration. The sealing structure is integrated with the sensor housing and designed to withstand the external high pressure without compromising the internal components, ensuring reliability in high pressure environments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device enables accurate, high-precision deformation measurement under high hydraulic pressure, overcoming manual reading limitations and providing reliable, digitalized data for engineering design and stability evaluation of high dam foundations and hydrous slopes, with advantages of high repeatability, fast dynamic response, and long service life.
Implementation Method 1
the magnetic iron core is driven by the measuring rod to move axially to cut magnetic lines of force generated by the coil and generate a voltage difference
Data Source
AI summary
A split-type device for measuring rock mass deformation under high hydraulic pressure and a construction method and use thereof. Main components of the device include a metal measuring rod, a magnetic iron core, a shell, a waterproof coil framework, a coil, a tail accessory, a cable clamp, a cable, a signal processing bin, etc. Main electronic components are treated by adopting the all-metal shell and a vacuum particle sealing double-layer sealing process, and have hydraulic pressure resistance of 5 MPa or above. Measurement signals feature centralized processing, digitization and dual utilization of signals, i.e., after data of a plurality of sensors is processed in an electronic bin and then digitized signals are connected to an independent reader outside the bin or a centralized acquisition device for in-situ tests.