Spoked Wheel Safety Element Locking Mechanism

Solution Overview

Problem

Spoked wheels in luxury and sports vehicles face safety risks due to high pretensioning of spokes, which can lead to breakage and projectile fragments during crashes, and existing methods like thread-locking are ineffective at high temperatures.

Innovation Solution

A spoked wheel structure with safety elements that press against the enlarged head of the spoke to increase friction and prevent rotation, allowing for lower tightening torque and retention of spoke fragments in case of breakage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If high tightening torque is applied to prevent spoke loosening, then spoke locking reliability is improved, but spoke breakage risk increases due to excessive pretensioning

Engineering Contradiction:
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention divides the spoke into two functional parts: a threaded stem portion for tightening and an enlarged head portion that acts as a separate locking element. The enlarged head sits in a dedicated seat with a retaining surface, creating a mechanical interlock that prevents loosening without requiring excessive pretensioning forces throughout the entire spoke structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The enlarged head of the spoke serves as an intermediary locking element between the threaded stem and the wheel rim. It provides a mechanical barrier that prevents the spoke from unscrewing, while the safety element in the seat provides an additional intermediary component that retains the enlarged head, creating a multi-stage locking system that reduces the pretensioning burden on the spoke itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If thread-locking paste is used to prevent spoke unscrewing, then spoke locking is improved, but locking capacity is reduced at high temperatures from brake heating

Engineering Contradiction:
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces the temperature-sensitive thread-locking paste with a mechanical locking system based on the enlarged head and safety element. This mechanical system is temperature-resistant and provides reliable locking even when the hub reaches high temperatures from brake heating, eliminating the vulnerability to thermal degradation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention substitutes the chemical/thread-locking mechanism with a pure mechanical locking system. The enlarged head in the seat with retaining surface, combined with the safety element, creates a mechanical interlock that does not rely on chemical bonds or paste, thereby eliminating temperature sensitivity and providing reliable locking under high-temperature conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If high pretensioning is applied to spokes, then spoke loosening is prevented, but fragment projection risk increases in case of crash breakage

Engineering Contradiction:
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The safety element in the spoke seat provides beforehand cushioning and containment for the enlarged head of the spoke. In case of spoke breakage, the safety element prevents the enlarged head from being projected as a dangerous fragment, thereby cushioning against the harmful effects of potential failure while maintaining the benefits of spoke tightening.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention converts the potential harm of spoke breakage into a controlled scenario. The safety element transforms what would be a dangerous projectile (the enlarged head) into a retained component, turning a harmful failure mode into a controlled containment situation that protects surrounding components and personnel.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If spoke tightening torque is reduced to improve safety, then fragment projection is reduced, but spoke loosening resistance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the spoke into a threaded stem and an enlarged head, the invention allows the stem to be tightened to moderate torque (reducing fragment projection risk) while the enlarged head provides the primary loosening resistance through mechanical interlocking in the seat, decoupling these two functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The enlarged head acts as an intermediary that provides loosening resistance without requiring high pretensioning. It mechanically engages with the seat and retaining surface, creating a locking effect that prevents unscrewing while allowing the stem to be tightened to lower, safer torque values that reduce fragment projection hazards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution ensures high safety against spoke loosening and breakage, preventing unscrewing and fragment projection, while maintaining structural integrity and safety even under high-speed conditions.

Implementation Method 1

safety elements which are applied in the respective spoke seats in the rim, and press against the enlarged head of the spoke on the opposite side of the retaining surface against which the enlarged head itself is abuttingly arranged

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP3825142B1Spoked wheel structure
Publication Date: 2022.10.26
  • EP3825142B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3825142B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3825142B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A spoked wheel structure (1) for a vehicle, comprising: a wheel rim (10) comprising a channel (19) for accommodating a tire; a wheel hub (40) arranged centrally with respect to said wheel rim (10) adapted to be rotatably mounted with respect to said vehicle; a plurality of wheel spokes (20) mounted interposed and tightened between said wheel hub (40) and said wheel rim (10), wherein each wheel spoke (20) of said plurality defines a proximal spoke end (21) configured to be fixed to said hub (40) and an opposite distal spoke end (22) configured to be fixed to said wheel rim (10), and wherein each wheel spoke (20) of said plurality comprises an elongated spoke stem (23) extending along a spoke axis (R-R) between said proximal spoke end (21) and said distal spoke end (22), and an enlarged spoke head (24) at said distal spoke end (22); wherein said wheel rim (10) comprises a plurality of spoke engaging seats (11), each of said seats (11) being configured to receive and retain a respective spoke (20) of said plurality of spokes at said distal spoke end (22), said each spoke seat (11) comprising a through hole (12) comprising a first hole portion (13) configured to allow the passage of the stem (23) of said respective spoke (20), a second hole portion (14) having a larger diameter than that of the first hole portion (13) and configured to allow the passage of the enlarged spoke head (24), a hole retaining surface (15) which joins the first hole portion (13) to the second hole portion (14) and configured to abuttingly retain said enlarged head (24) of said respective spoke (20) when said respective spoke (20) is tightened between said wheel rim (10) and said wheel hub (40); wherein said wheel structure (1) comprises a plurality of safety elements (50), each of said safety elements (50) being engageable in a corresponding seat (11) of said plurality of spoke seats so as to press said enlarged head (24) of said respective spoke (20) against said retaining surface (15) by means of a thrust force exerted along said spoke axis (R-R) and oriented from said wheel rim (10) towards said wheel hub (40).