Spool Valve Blocking Section Fluid Pressure Control
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional spool valves face issues with fluid pressure acting on the spool, causing adverse effects on fluid pressure control due to fluid flow, despite measures to guide fluid direction.
Innovation Solution
A spool valve design with a blocking section between the output and lead-in ports, and an inclined surface to guide fluid flow, sets the fluid pressure forces in opposite directions, eliminating the influence of fluid pressure on the spool.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a taper surface is provided to guide fluid flow, then fluid flow control is improved, but fluid pressure still acts on the spool through the guide section causing adverse effects
Solution Approach 1:
The valve body is segmented into multiple chambers (first chamber, second chamber, third chamber) separated by the spool and valve body structure. The blocking section creates additional segmentation by blocking the passage between output port and lead-in port, preventing fluid pressure from acting on the spool while maintaining flow control through the taper surface.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful effect of fluid pressure acting on the spool is extracted and eliminated by introducing a blocking section that prevents fluid from reaching the region where it would adversely affect spool operation, while the useful fluid flow control function is preserved through the taper surface.
2Reliability
If the spool moves to connect input and output ports, then fluid pressure control is achieved, but fluid pressure acts on the spool causing adverse effects
Solution Approach 1:
The blocking section acts as an intermediary element that mediates between the fluid flow path and the spool. It allows the spool to perform its function of connecting input and output ports for fluid pressure control while preventing fluid pressure from directly acting on the spool through the blocking passage.
3Productivity
If fluid is allowed to flow freely through the valve, then fluid circulation is maintained, but fluid pressure adversely affects spool control
Solution Approach 1:
The valve structure implements local quality by allowing fluid circulation in certain paths (through input port, output port, and discharge port) while blocking fluid pressure from acting on the spool in the region between the output port and lead-in port. The blocking section creates a localized modification to fluid pressure distribution without affecting overall fluid circulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively suppresses fluid pressure effects on the spool, ensuring precise control of fluid pressure by blocking fluid circulation and aligning pressure forces, thereby enhancing the control mechanism.
Implementation Method 1
a blocking section that blocks a portion between the spool and the valve sleeve at a position between the output port and the lead-in port
Implementation Method 2
a taper surface gradually decreasing in diameter from the guide section toward the first land section side is provided. Consequently, the fluid flowed in from the input port smoothly flows toward the output port
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a spool valve capable of suppressing an adverse effect on fluid pressure control due to a fluid pressure acting on a spool. A valve sleeve 210 includes an input port P10, an output port P21 which is disposed to be connected to a channel for output T2, a discharge port P30 and a lead-in port P22 which is disposed to be connected to the channel for output T2. The spool 220 is provided with a second land section 224 that blocks a portion between the spool 220 and the valve sleeve 210 at a position between the output port P21 and the lead-in port P22 when the spool 220 is located in a position for connecting the channel for input T1 and the channel for output T2 and blocking a channel leading from the channel for output T2 to the channel for discharge T3, and when the spool 220 is located in a position for connecting the channel for output T2 and the channel for discharge T3 and blocking a channel leading from the channel for input T1 to the channel for output T2.