Dynamic SPR Detection Device Using Liquid Crystal Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional SPR detection devices face limitations in sensitivity and accuracy due to fixed optical properties, difficulty in eliminating noise signals, and challenges in distinguishing SPR sensor signals from refractive index changes, especially when detecting small biological substances.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a liquid crystal (LC) layer between the radiation emitter and detector, controlled by electrical or optical means, to dynamically adjust radiation properties and enhance the SPR signal, allowing for improved sensitivity and accuracy in detecting chemical and biological events.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional SPR detection devices use fixed optical properties, then device simplicity is maintained, but sensitivity and accuracy are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the Dynamics principle by replacing fixed optical components with dynamically adjustable liquid crystal layers. The liquid crystal layer can change its optical properties (birefringence, orientation) in real-time under external control, enabling dynamic optimization of the SPR signal detection. This allows the system to adapt to different detection conditions and enhance sensitivity without requiring multiple fixed optical paths.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements Parameter changes by utilizing the ability of liquid crystals to change their refractive index and optical orientation in response to external stimuli (electrical, magnetic, or optical fields). By dynamically adjusting these parameters, the system can optimize the interaction between light and the SPR interface, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining a relatively simple device architecture.
2Reliability
If fixed optical properties are used in SPR detection, then device operation is simple, but noise signals cannot be effectively eliminated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the Feedback principle by using the liquid crystal layer as a controllable element that can be adjusted based on detected signal characteristics. The system can monitor the SPR signal and dynamically adjust the liquid crystal orientation or birefringence to maximize signal quality and minimize noise, creating a closed-loop optimization process that improves reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The liquid crystal layer acts as an intermediary element between the light source and the SPR detection interface. It mediates the optical interaction by providing controllable modulation of light properties, allowing for selective enhancement of the SPR signal while suppressing background noise, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
3Measurement precision
If conventional fixed optical systems are used, then distinguishing SPR signals from refractive index changes is difficult, but system simplicity is maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses the dynamic response characteristics of liquid crystals to differentiate between SPR signals and refractive index changes. By applying time-varying external fields to the liquid crystal layer and analyzing the temporal characteristics of the optical response, the system can distinguish between different types of signal changes, improving measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements Periodic action by applying periodic external fields (electrical, magnetic, or optical) to the liquid crystal layer. This creates periodic modulation of the optical properties, which can be synchronized with the detection system to enhance the SPR signal while filtering out non-periodic noise and distinguishing it from refractive index changes that do not exhibit the same periodic response.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The LC layer enables dynamic adjustment of radiation properties, reducing noise and improving the detection of small biological substances by optimizing the SPR signal, thereby enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of the SPR detection device.
Implementation Method 1
a liquid crystal layer (LCL) (80), placed between the radiation emitter (20) and the radiation detector (30), controlled by electrical, magnetic or optical means
Implementation Method 2
controlled by electrical, magnetic or optical means, and used in such way that enables the control of the radiation properties
Implementation Method 3
The SPR effect is an optical phenomenon that results from the local charge density oscillation in an interface between two media of differing dielectric properties
Implementation Method 4
the surface plasmon wave is an electromagnetic wave with polarization TM
Data Source
AI summary
A detection device based on the surface plasmon resonance effect, including a radiation emitter and a radiation detector, a fluidic substrate, a liquid crystal layer and respective control mechanism.