Spray-Dried Expanded Microspheres for Low-Ash, Low-Density Output

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing expanded microspheres require the use of solid suspending agents, which coat the exterior surface and increase ash content and density, making them unsuitable for applications where low ash and low density are essential.

Innovation Solution

A spray-drying process at specific temperature ranges, without the need for solid suspending agents, allows for the production of expanded microspheres with a polymeric shell surrounding a hollow core, using polymers like polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose, and optionally with a blowing agent, to achieve low ash and low density.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If solid suspending agents are used to prevent coalescence and aggregation of microspheres, then the microspheres maintain stable dispersion during preparation and expansion, but the ash content and particle density of the expanded microspheres increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedispersion stabilityVSAvoidash content
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and eliminates the solid suspending agent component from the microsphere preparation system. By using a polymer-solvent composition without any solid suspending agents, the process removes the source of ash content while maintaining dispersion stability through the polymer matrix itself, which prevents coalescence during spray-drying and expansion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the compositional parameters of the microsphere system by replacing solid suspending agents with a polymer-solvent system. The polymer concentration (1-50 wt%) and solvent type are optimized to provide sufficient viscosity and steric stabilization, preventing aggregation without introducing inorganic ash-forming materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stability of the object's composition

If solid suspending agents are used to prevent coalescence and aggregation of microspheres, then the microspheres maintain stable dispersion during preparation and expansion, but the particle density of the expanded microspheres increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedispersion stabilityVSAvoidparticle density
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and eliminates the solid suspending agent component from the microsphere preparation system. By using a polymer-solvent composition without any solid suspending agents, the process removes the source of ash content while maintaining dispersion stability through the polymer matrix itself, which prevents coalescence during spray-drying and expansion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the compositional parameters of the microsphere system by replacing solid suspending agents with a polymer-solvent system. The polymer concentration (1-50 wt%) and solvent type are optimized to provide sufficient viscosity and steric stabilization, preventing aggregation without introducing inorganic ash-forming materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional spray-drying temperatures are used, then the polymer solution can be processed, but the expansion ratio and microsphere quality are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveprocessabilityVSAvoidexpansion ratio
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies parameter changes by optimizing the spray-drying inlet temperature to a specific range (80-200°C) based on the polymer's glass transition temperature. This temperature optimization enables simultaneous achievement of complete solvent evaporation, polymer shell formation, and internal void creation through controlled expansion, producing high-quality microspheres with expansion ratios of 5-50x.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention utilizes phase transitions of the polymer and solvent during spray-drying. The rapid heating causes the solvent to evaporate and the polymer to transition from a liquid solution to a solid shell, while trapped vapor or blowing agent expands to create the hollow interior. This controlled phase transition is key to achieving both processability and high expansion ratio.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The process produces expanded microspheres with a clean exterior surface, low ash content, and controlled density, suitable for applications in ceramics, pharmaceuticals, and other fields, while maintaining a high ISO brightness value.

Implementation Method 1

spray-drying the composition of step a) in a spray dryer, the spray dryer comprising an inlet drying gas having an inlet temperature (Tinlet, °C)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

wherein the polymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg, °C)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGlass transition:

Data Source

PatentEP4635619A1Expanded microspheres
Publication Date: 2025.10.22 AKZO NOBEL CHEMICALS INTERNATIONAL BV
  • EP4635619A1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4635619A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4635619A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to expanded microspheres comprising a polymeric shell surrounding a hollow core, wherein the exterior surface of the polymeric shell is free from particulate deposits originating from a solid suspending agent, and processes for preparing said expanded microspheres.