Spray Reactor for Wastewater Treatment via Liquid Atomization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for treating colored waste water, such as the bubbling method using ozone, face challenges including the need for complex structures, high energy consumption, and uneven distribution of oxidative gas, leading to inefficient chemical change of solutions.
Innovation Solution
A reactor design that sprays a solution into a state of mists and contacts it with a pressurized reactant gas, such as ozone, to enhance the gas-liquid interface and facilitate efficient chemical reactions, using nozzles and ultrasonic vibration to atomize the solution and maintain an ideal gas-liquid interface.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fine bubbles are produced to enlarge gas-liquid interfacial area, then reaction speed is improved, but device complexity and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of injecting gas bubbles into liquid (conventional method), the invention inverts the approach by spraying liquid into gas. This reversal eliminates the need for complex bubble generation devices while maintaining large gas-liquid interfacial area through liquid atomization, thus improving reaction speed without increasing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces complex mechanical bubble generation systems with a simple spray nozzle system. By using a nozzle to atomize liquid into fine droplets that disperse in gas, the system achieves large interfacial area with minimal mechanical complexity, resolving the contradiction between reaction speed and device complexity
2Productivity
If fine bubbles are used to increase surface area, then reaction rate is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention inverts the conventional gas-liquid contact method by spraying liquid into gas instead of bubbling gas through liquid. This approach achieves fine atomization and large interfacial area using simple spray nozzles with minimal energy input, eliminating the high energy consumption associated with fine bubble generation while maintaining high reaction rates
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses disposable-like liquid droplets that are continuously sprayed and consumed in the reaction. Each droplet provides fresh surface area for reaction without requiring energy-intensive regeneration, achieving high reaction rates with low energy consumption by continuously supplying new liquid surface
3Area of stationary object
If small bubble diameter is used, then gas-liquid interfacial area is enlarged, but oxidative gas concentration becomes unevenly distributed
Solution Approach 1:
By inverting the contact method to spray liquid into gas rather than bubbling gas into liquid, the invention ensures that oxidative gas (present in the gas phase) is uniformly distributed throughout the reaction chamber. Liquid droplets are dispersed uniformly in the gas, providing large interfacial area while maintaining uniform oxidative gas concentration throughout the system
Solution Approach 2:
The invention segments liquid into numerous fine droplets that are dispersed throughout the gas phase. This segmentation creates large total surface area while ensuring uniform distribution of liquid-gas interfaces throughout the reaction chamber, preventing local depletion of oxidative gas and maintaining uniform concentration
4Productivity
If vigorous agitation is applied to accelerate transfer phenomena, then reaction speed is improved, but transfer speed becomes the limiting factor
Solution Approach 1:
By inverting the approach to spray liquid into gas instead of bubbling gas into liquid, the invention eliminates the need for vigorous agitation. The liquid droplets are naturally dispersed and mixed in the gas phase through the spray mechanism itself, achieving rapid mass transfer without relying on agitation-induced turbulence that would make transfer speed the limiting factor
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for a quick and efficient chemical change of components in solutions by maintaining an ideal gas-liquid interface, enhancing the reaction rate and ensuring uniform distribution of the reactant gas, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of waste water and waste liquids.
Implementation Method 1
an ultrasonic vibrator (2) for ultrasonically vibrating the solution (L) to be atomized into a state of mists (M)
Implementation Method 2
a pressure feed unit (42) for feeding into the nozzle (41) the reactant gas (G) which is pressurized
Implementation Method 3
an organic matter and others contained in a solution, mainly such as a waste liquid, are decomposed by means of oxidation or reduction
Data Source
AI summary
A solution reactor allows the solution L to contact with the reactant gas G, and the component contained in the solution L is chemically changed by means of the reactant gas G. The reactor includes a nozzle 41 for spraying the solution L into a state of mists M, and a pressure feed unit 42 for feeding the reactant gas G, which is pressurized, into the nozzle 41. Further, in the reactor, the pressure feed unit 42 feeds such pressurized reactant gas G to the nozzle 41 to be flown fast, so that the nozzle 41 allows the fast flowing reactant gas G to contact with the solution and the solution L is broken into the state of mists M to be jetted out, and thus the component contained in the solution L is chemically changed by means of the reactant gas G.