Concentric Square Symbol Constellations for PAPR Optimization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing two-dimensional symbol constellations are optimized for noise sensitivity without considering the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in one dimension, which is crucial for transmitters with limited power budget in each dimension separately.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of two-dimensional symbol constellations with points arranged along the perimeters of concentric squares, optimized to minimize the required signal-to-noise ratio (RSNR) and PAPR in one dimension, using a cost function that prioritizes peak signal power in one dimension.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional two-dimensional symbol constellations are used, then noise sensitivity is optimized, but peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in one dimension is not considered and power efficiency is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise sensitivityVSAvoidpeak-to-average power ratio
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the geometric parameters of the constellation points by arranging them on concentric squares instead of circles, with specific side lengths L1, L2, ..., Lq. This parameter change optimizes both noise sensitivity and peak-to-average power ratio in one dimension simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces asymmetric square-based constellation geometries rather than symmetric circular constellations. The squares are positioned and sized asymmetrically relative to traditional circular patterns, creating a configuration that balances peak power in one dimension while maintaining noise immunity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Use of energy by moving object

If power limitation applies separately to I and Q components, then transmit power efficiency is improved, but conventional constellations do not optimize for this constraint

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmit power efficiencyVSAvoidconstellation optimization for separate dimension constraints
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the constellation into q concentric squares, each containing 4·Ni points. This segmentation allows independent optimization of power distribution across different radial levels, enabling separate control of I and Q component power characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by assigning different numbers of points (Ni) to different concentric squares, creating localized density variations that optimize power distribution in specific regions of the constellation space, thereby adapting to separate dimension power constraints

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP3912318B1A class of symbol constellations for data transmission
Publication Date: 2024.04.03 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3912318B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3912318B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3912318B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a data transmission procedure, and in particular, to a modulation method using a class of two-dimensional symbol constellations. To this end, the invention proposes a transmitting device and a receiving device, both configured to be adapted for using two-dimensional symbol constellations. The transmitting device is configured to: obtain a message to be transmitted; map the obtained message onto a two-dimensional 2n-symbol constellation to obtain a sequence of discrete constellation symbols, where n is an odd number not less than 3. Accordingly, the receiving device is configured to receive a sequence of noisy discrete constellation symbols; demap the sequence of noisy discrete constellation symbols to output data using a two-dimensional 2n-symbol constellation, where n is an odd number not less than 3. Thereby, a class of two-dimensional symbol constellations consisting of points arranged along the perimeter of q concentric squares is proposed.