SQUID Diagnostic Circuit for Cryogenic CMOS Noise Isolation

The patent introduces SQUID devices as intermediary components that couple the cryogenic CMOS circuit to the room temperature measurement system through magnetic coupling. The SQUIDs act as mediators that transfer signal information while blocking thermal noise, as they can operate at cryogenic temperatures and provide galvanic isolation between the cold and warm sides of the system.

The patent replaces the traditional electrical wire-based signal transmission system with a magnetic coupling system using SQUIDs. This substitution eliminates the need for long physical wires connecting cryogenic and room temperature systems, thereby eliminating the thermal noise pathway while maintaining signal transmission capability.

The patent divides the current monitoring function into multiple SQUID devices, each responsible for a specific current range determined by its threshold current. This segmentation allows precise monitoring across a wide dynamic range, as each SQUID operates optimally in its designated range, while the collective system covers the full spectrum of possible input currents.

The patent creates a universal current monitoring system where multiple SQUIDs with different threshold currents work together to monitor the entire input current range. Each SQUID is designed with a specific threshold to handle particular ranges, and their combined output provides comprehensive coverage, making the system adaptable to various current levels without requiring separate monitoring circuits for each range.