Multi-Tenant SSD Block Reallocation for Wear-Based Performance Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
In multi-tenancy data storage devices, such as solid-state drives, the performance of memory blocks decreases over time due to increasing program-erase counts, leading to reduced throughput for specific tenants, especially those requiring consistently high speed throughout their lifecycle.
Innovation Solution
A data storage device with a controller that reallocates blocks based on program-erase counts and performance requirements, ensuring that blocks with acceptable PEC are assigned to tenants with high performance needs, while maintaining a subset below the threshold to support all tenants effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If blocks are allocated to tenants in a multi-tenancy environment, then multiple tenants can access storage simultaneously, but performance decreases over time as program-erase count increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic block reallocation where the controller continuously monitors program-erase counts and reallocates blocks between tenants based on current performance requirements. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to adapt to changing wear levels and maintain consistent performance across multiple tenants throughout the device lifecycle.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the allocation parameters by adjusting which blocks are assigned to which tenants based on program-erase count thresholds. When a block's PEC exceeds a threshold, the controller reallocates it to a different tenant, effectively changing the operational parameters to maintain performance consistency.
2Reliability
If overprovisioning is used to maintain performance, then performance requirements are met, but device capacity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes blocks universal by allowing them to be dynamically reassigned between different tenants based on performance needs rather than being permanently dedicated. This multi-functionality allows the same physical blocks to serve multiple tenants at different times, eliminating the need for permanent overprovisioning while maintaining performance requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of static overprovisioning, the system uses dynamic reallocation where blocks are continuously reassigned based on current PEC levels and tenant requirements. This dynamic approach ensures that capacity is fully utilized while performance is maintained, avoiding the permanent capacity loss associated with traditional overprovisioning.
3Productivity
If blocks are reallocated based on program-erase count, then performance is optimized, but controller complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The controller implements a feedback mechanism by continuously monitoring program-erase counts of allocated blocks and automatically triggering reallocation when thresholds are exceeded. This closed-loop feedback system optimizes performance through automated decision-making, reducing the need for complex manual management while maintaining productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-service through automated block reallocation based on monitored PEC levels. The controller independently manages the reallocation process without requiring external intervention, using predefined thresholds and tenant profiles to automatically optimize performance while managing its own complexity through rule-based automation.
Data Source
AI summary
A data storage device and method are disclosed for providing prolonged high performance for tenants in a multi-tenancy environment. In one embodiment, a data storage device determines whether a first block of the memory allocated to a first tenant can satisfy a performance requirement of the first tenant. In response to determining that the first block cannot satisfy the performance requirement of the first tenant, the data storage device exchanges the first block with a second block of the memory allocated to a second tenant, wherein the second block can satisfy the performance requirement of the first tenant and the first block can satisfy the performance requirement of the second tenant. Other embodiments are provided.