SSD Compression Layout for Lower Write Traffic and Latency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Solid State Drives (SSDs) are costlier than traditional storage devices per megabyte and face challenges in reducing write traffic, write amplification, and power consumption, which affect performance, reliability, and endurance.

Innovation Solution

An efficient SSD data compression scheme and layout that considers chunk size and indirection granularity, providing uniform data layouts for compressed and uncompressed blocks, along with a novel padding scheme for super scalar data decompression and automatic data bypass capabilities, to reduce latency and power consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If data compression is implemented in SSD to reduce storage costs per megabyte, then storage capacity efficiency is improved, but write traffic and write amplification increase due to compression overhead

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestorage capacity efficiencyVSAvoidwrite traffic
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments data into fixed-size chunks before compression, allowing parallel processing of multiple chunks simultaneously. This segmentation enables the compression operation to be divided into independent units that can be processed concurrently, reducing overall compression time and write traffic overhead while maintaining high storage capacity efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs data compression before writing to the SSD, and implements a caching mechanism that prepares compressed data in advance. By compressing data beforehand and caching results, the system reduces the amount of real-time write traffic during normal operation, thereby improving write performance while maintaining storage efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Quantity of substance

If compression algorithms are applied to reduce data size, then storage efficiency is improved, but power consumption increases due to additional processing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata sizeVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts compression parameters such as chunk size and compression level based on data characteristics and system state. By changing these parameters adaptively, the system optimizes the balance between compression ratio and processing power consumption, achieving efficient data size reduction without excessive energy usage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements hardware-based compression engines within the SSD that perform compression autonomously without requiring significant host processor intervention. This self-service approach shifts the compression workload to the storage device itself, reducing overall system power consumption while achieving effective data size reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Quantity of substance

If complex compression schemes are used to maximize data reduction, then storage capacity is improved, but device complexity and implementation cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestorage capacityVSAvoidcompression scheme complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses fixed-size chunk segmentation that simplifies the compression process by creating uniform, predictable data units. This segmentation approach avoids the need for complex variable-length parsing and metadata management, reducing device complexity while maintaining effective storage capacity optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs adjustable compression parameters including chunk size, compression level, and algorithm selection that can be tuned based on requirements. This parameter-based approach allows flexible optimization of storage capacity without committing to a single complex fixed scheme, thereby managing device complexity while achieving capacity improvements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If data is compressed to reduce write amplification, then endurance is improved, but latency increases due to compression processing time

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveenduranceVSAvoidlatency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs compression in advance and caches compressed data, so that during read operations or subsequent writes, the compressed data is already prepared and available. This preliminary compression action reduces real-time processing latency while still achieving the write amplification reduction needed for improved endurance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

By segmenting data into fixed-size chunks, the patent enables parallel compression of multiple chunks simultaneously. This parallel processing approach maintains low latency by not creating sequential bottlenecks, while still achieving the compression ratios necessary to reduce write amplification and improve endurance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3314441B1Efficient solid state drive data compression scheme and layout
Publication Date: 2021.10.20 INTEL CORP
  • EP3314441B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3314441B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3314441B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3E

AI summary

Methods and apparatus related to efficient Solid State Drive (SSD) data compression scheme and layout are described. In one embodiment, logic, coupled to non-volatile memory, receives data (e.g., from a host) and compresses the data to generate compressed data prior to storage of the compressed data in the non-volatile memory. The compressed data includes a compressed version of the data, size of the compressed data, common meta information, and final meta information. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed.