SSFBG Codec Modules for Passive Optical Network Scalability
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Solution Overview
Problem
In passive optical communication networks using optical code division multiplexing, the power loss of optical signals due to branching in star couplers is significant, limiting the system's capacity and efficiency, especially when the number of subscribers or channels increases, as it requires higher transmission power, complex receivers, or increased power availability, which are not optimal for scalability and cost-effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a passive optical communication network system with super-structured fiber Bragg gratings (SSFBGs) and circulators that allow for selective encoding and decoding of optical signals, minimizing power loss specific to the number of branches, enabling bidirectional communication and flexible power management without the need for complex synchronization or fixed branching configurations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the number of branches in a star coupler is increased to accommodate more subscribers, then the subscriber capacity is improved, but the power loss of optical signals increases due to branching
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the optical network into multiple independent codec modules, each serving a specific channel or subscriber group. This segmentation allows the optical signal to be distributed more efficiently, reducing the power loss that would otherwise occur in a traditional star coupler configuration where power is divided equally among all branches.
Solution Approach 2:
The codec modules enable dynamic configuration of the optical network, allowing flexible allocation of optical signal power to different channels based on actual subscriber needs. This dynamic approach replaces the static, fixed branching ratio of traditional star couplers, optimizing power distribution as subscribers are added or removed from the network.
2Loss of energy
If transmission power is increased to compensate for branching loss, then the optical signal power availability is improved, but the power consumption of the transmitter increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the operational parameters of the optical network by using codec modules that operate at lower transmission power levels compared to traditional star coupler systems. The coded optical signals enable efficient power distribution, allowing the network to maintain adequate signal power availability without requiring high transmitter power consumption.
3Device complexity
If a single multi-port optical encoder is used at the OLT to simplify system configuration, then the device complexity is reduced, but the power loss due to signal splitting across all channels increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single multi-port optical encoder that splits power across all channels, the system segments the encoding function into multiple codec modules. Each codec module handles specific channels independently, avoiding the power loss associated with splitting signals across all ports in a multi-port encoder.
Solution Approach 2:
The codec modules act as intermediary devices between the OLT and individual channels or subscriber groups. These intermediaries enable more efficient power distribution by processing and forwarding optical signals in a manner that reduces overall power loss compared to direct multi-port encoding.
4Quantity of substance
If the number of ONUs is increased to serve more subscribers, then the subscriber capacity is improved, but the branching loss from the star coupler increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the subscriber base into multiple groups, each served by dedicated or shared codec modules. This segmentation allows optical power to be distributed more efficiently than in a traditional star coupler where power is divided equally among all ONUs, thereby reducing branching loss while maintaining the ability to serve a large number of subscribers.
Solution Approach 2:
The codec modules are designed with multi-functionality, capable of serving multiple channels and subscriber groups. This universality allows the system to accommodate an increasing number of subscribers without proportionally increasing branching loss, as the same codec infrastructure can be flexibly configured to serve different numbers and combinations of ONUs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces power loss associated with branching, enhancing the availability and flexibility of optical signal power, allowing for scalable network configurations with reduced equipment complexity and power consumption, while supporting increased subscriber capacity without compromising transmission rates.
Implementation Method 1
a first super-structured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG) having a first one end and a first other end for receiving an encoded optical signal on the first one end to decode an optical signal of a predetermined channel to output the decoded optical signal from the first one end, and to output an optical signal of channels other than the predetermined channel from the first other end
Implementation Method 2
super-structured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG)
Implementation Method 3
a first circulator having first to fourth ports for receiving the optical signal on the first port from the first optical transmission line to output the received optical signal from the second port to the first one end of the first SSFBG, for receiving the decoded optical signal on the second port from the first one end of the first SSFBG to output the decoded optical signal from the third port to the second optical transmission line
Data Source
AI summary
In a passive optical communication network system, an optical signal OCDM-coded is transmitted from an OLT to a first port of a circulator, which in turn transfers the signal from its second port to one end of a first SSFBG. The first SSFBG then decodes the signal of one channel to output the decoded signal from its one end to the second port of the circulator, which in turn transmits the decoded signal from its third port to an ONU. When the ONU transmits an optical signal to the third port of the circulator, the circulator transfers the signal from its fourth port to one end of a second SSFBG, which in turn encodes the signal to output the encoded signal from its one end to the fourth port of the circulator. The circulator then transmits the encoded signal from its first port to the OLT.