Soluble ST2 Biomarker Guiding Exercise Therapy for Heart Failure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly chronic heart failure, lack effective predictors for the efficacy of exercise therapy and risk assessment based on soluble ST2 levels, leading to uncertain treatment outcomes.
Innovation Solution
Determining soluble ST2 levels in biological samples to guide the initiation, continuation, or cessation of exercise therapy, using reference levels to identify patients who will benefit or not benefit from exercise therapy, thereby reducing adverse outcomes such as mortality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If exercise therapy is provided to all patients with cardiovascular disease, then some patients may benefit from improved cardiovascular function, but patients with high soluble ST2 levels experience increased risk of adverse outcomes including mortality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by measuring soluble ST2 levels before initiating exercise therapy to identify patients at risk. This pre-assessment allows clinicians to predict which patients will benefit from exercise therapy and which may experience adverse outcomes, enabling proactive treatment planning that prevents harm before it occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses soluble ST2 levels as an intermediary biomarker to mediate the decision-making process between exercise therapy prescription and patient safety. This biomarker serves as a reliable indicator that connects the treatment intervention (exercise therapy) with the desired outcome (improved cardiovascular function) while filtering out patients who would experience harmful effects.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If exercise therapy is avoided in patients with high soluble ST2 levels, then the risk of adverse outcomes is reduced, but the opportunity to benefit from exercise-induced cardiovascular improvement is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by measuring soluble ST2 levels before initiating exercise therapy to identify patients at risk. This pre-assessment allows clinicians to predict which patients will benefit from exercise therapy and which may experience adverse outcomes, enabling proactive treatment planning that prevents harm before it occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by using soluble ST2 level measurements to guide exercise therapy decisions. The biomarker provides critical information that feeds back into the treatment planning process, allowing clinicians to adjust therapy recommendations based on individual patient risk profiles, thereby optimizing the balance between benefit and harm.
3Adaptability or versatility
If soluble ST2 level determination is implemented to guide exercise therapy decisions, then personalized treatment and risk reduction are achieved, but additional diagnostic testing and complexity are introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the taking out principle by extracting the critical decision-making factor (soluble ST2 level) from the complex clinical assessment process. This single biomarker measurement isolates the most important predictor of exercise therapy outcome, simplifying the diagnostic workflow while maintaining high accuracy in patient stratification.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by using a specific biomarker (soluble ST2 level) as a threshold-based decision criterion. This transforms the complex, multifactorial assessment of exercise therapy suitability into a clear, quantifiable parameter that guides treatment decisions, making personalized medicine more accessible and implementable.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods of treating a subject having a cardiovascular disease, selecting a therapy for a subject having a cardiovascular disease, identifying a subject having a cardiovascular disease that will benefit or not benefit from exercise therapy, determining whether a subject having a cardiovascular disease should begin, continue, not begin, discontinue, or avoid exercise therapy, determining whether a subject having a cardiovascular disease should continue, discontinue, or avoid exercise therapy, reducing the risk of an adverse outcome (e.g., death) in a subject having a cardiovascular disease, and predicting the efficacy of exercise therapy in a subject having a cardiovascular disease. These methods include determining a level of soluble ST2 in a subject.