Vertically Stacked Base Station Antennas for Multi-Band Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing base station antennas face challenges in supporting multiple frequency bands without increasing complexity, size, and interference, especially when integrating higher frequency bands like 3.5 GHz or 5 GHz, which often require separate antenna structures due to interference and performance compromises.
Innovation Solution
A composite base station antenna unit is designed with two antennas stacked vertically, a conventional dual-band antenna supporting low and mid-bands, and a planar high-band antenna, sharing a common radome and mounting structure to appear as a single unit, minimizing interference and reducing physical footprint.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If separate antenna structures are used for different frequency bands, then interference between bands is reduced, but the number of antennas and installation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into distinct frequency band handlers: a first antenna for low-band and a second antenna for high-band frequencies. This segmentation allows each antenna to be optimized for its specific frequency range, reducing interference while maintaining manageable complexity through functional division.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from horizontal placement to vertical stacking arrangement. By placing antennas in the vertical dimension rather than side-by-side horizontally, the system reduces the physical footprint and installation complexity while maintaining the separation needed to minimize interference between frequency bands.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple base station antennas are deployed to support multiple frequency bands, then all frequency bands can be supported, but the total number of antennas and installation costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna functions into a single integrated antenna unit. The first and second antennas are combined in a vertically stacked arrangement within one housing, allowing the system to support multiple frequency bands (low-band and high-band) through a single deployed structure rather than requiring separate antenna installations for each band.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna unit is designed with multi-functionality to support both low-band and high-band frequency services within a single structure. The first antenna handles low-band frequencies while the second antenna handles high-band frequencies, making the single antenna unit universal for multiple frequency band requirements.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple base station antennas are deployed to support multiple frequency bands, then all frequency bands can be supported, but the physical space and installation footprint increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the vertical dimension by stacking the first and second antennas vertically within a single housing structure. This vertical arrangement dramatically reduces the horizontal footprint compared to placing multiple antennas side-by-side, allowing multiple frequency band support in a compact space suitable for modern base station installations.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 2C
AI summary
A base station antenna unit, comprising a first base station antenna that includes a first housing; a first radome having a front surface that is positioned in front of the first housing; a first vertically-disposed linear array of first frequency low-band radiating elements mounted behind the front surface of the first radome; and a second vertically-disposed linear array of second frequency mid-band radiating elements mounted behind the front surface of the first radome; and a second base station antenna that includes a second housing that is separate from the first housing; a second radome having a front surface that is positioned in front of the second housing; and a third array of third frequency high-band radiating elements mounted behind the front surface of the second radome, the second radome being separate from the first radome, wherein the first and second base station antennas are mounted in a vertically stacked arrangement and are configured to be mounted as a single structure.