Stacked Patch Antenna With Metallic Fence For 5G
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional antenna devices for 5G and beyond 5G applications face challenges in achieving optimal performance across key parameters like bandwidth, polarization purity, polarization terminal isolation, and scan roll-off without compromising other aspects, leading to degraded coverage and reliability, especially at off-angles and edge frequencies.
Innovation Solution
The antenna device employs a cell structure with multiple patch radiators arranged in a stacked configuration, surrounded by a metallic fence, which decouples bandwidth, polarization purity, and scan roll-off parameters, enhancing performance by improving polarization isolation and reducing sensitivity to fabrication imperfections.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple radiating antenna elements are spaced in a grid pattern on a flat surface to support millimeter-wave communication, then beam forming capability is achieved, but polarization terminal isolation and over-the-air polarization purity are degraded especially at off angles and edge frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna device is divided into multiple unit cells, each containing a specific arrangement of radiating elements. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each cell's polarization characteristics while maintaining overall array performance, thereby improving polarization terminal isolation without sacrificing coverage capability.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the antenna device employ different element configurations and spacing patterns. Specifically, elements are arranged with different spacings in different directions to locally optimize polarization purity in specific angular regions while maintaining broad coverage through other regions.
2Adaptability or versatility
If antenna elements are arranged to improve bandwidth, then frequency coverage is enhanced, but polarization purity and scan roll-off are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The unit cells incorporate asymmetric element configurations where radiating elements are positioned at non-uniform spacings from the phase center. This asymmetry enables independent control of bandwidth and polarization characteristics, allowing broad bandwidth operation while maintaining polarization purity through carefully designed asymmetric patterns.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna device transitions from two-dimensional planar arrangements to three-dimensional configurations by stacking multiple layers of radiating elements at different heights. This dimensional expansion provides additional degrees of freedom to optimize bandwidth, polarization purity, and scan roll-off simultaneously through vertical element placement.
3Adaptability or versatility
If conventional antenna designs are used to achieve broad bandwidth, then frequency range is extended, but scan roll-off increases and coverage is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple radiating elements are nested within each unit cell at different positions and orientations. This nested configuration allows the antenna to maintain consistent radiation patterns across wide frequency ranges and scan angles, reducing scan roll-off while preserving broad bandwidth through the combined effect of nested elements.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna device includes a first patch radiator and a second patch radiator arranged over the first patch radiator. The antenna device further includes a central ground pin connected substantially at a center portion of the first patch radiator. The antenna device further includes a plurality of conductive feeding pins connected to the first patch radiator and separated by at least one slot of a plurality of slots provides in the first patch radiator. The antenna device further includes a cell structure having a cavity that includes a polygonal-shaped base and a metallic fence arranged at four or more side walls of the cavity. The first patch radiator and the second patch radiators are arranged in the cavity of the cell structure and are at least partially surrounded by the metallic fence such that a plurality of antenna control parameters are decoupled from each other.