Stacked Patch Antenna Layout for Wider Band and Signal Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing patch antennas have limited operating frequency bands and require improvements for better performance and integration into miniaturized consumer electronic products.
Innovation Solution
A patch antenna design with multiple stacked substrates and separate placement of driving and parasitic radiative elements, along with feed-in and feed-out probes, to broaden the operating frequency band and enhance signal transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If radiating and parasitic metal arms are disposed on the same surface of a single dielectric substrate, then the antenna structure is simple, but the operating frequency band is limited to 98 MHz
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional single-substrate layout to a three-dimensional stacked substrate configuration. The radiating metal arm is placed on the first substrate while parasitic metal arms are placed on the second substrate, utilizing the vertical dimension to overcome the limitations of planar geometry and broaden the operating frequency band to 1.8-2.7 GHz.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure is segmented into multiple independent substrates (first substrate for radiating element, second substrate for parasitic elements). This segmentation allows each substrate to be optimized independently for specific frequency ranges, and when combined, they create a broader overall operating band through electromagnetic coupling between the stacked layers.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple substrates are stacked to broaden operating frequency band, then the frequency band increases to 1.8-2.7 GHz, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The stacked substrate configuration serves multiple functions simultaneously: it broadens the operating frequency band, provides signal isolation between different frequency components, enables circular polarization through specific geometric arrangements, and maintains a compact form factor. The parasitic elements on the second substrate contribute to both frequency broadening and polarization control.
3Volume of moving object
If radiating and parasitic elements are placed close together on the same substrate, then the antenna size is compact, but signal isolation is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
By moving parasitic elements to a second substrate stacked vertically above/below the first substrate, the patent creates vertical separation between radiating and parasitic elements. This three-dimensional arrangement provides electromagnetic isolation while maintaining a compact overall footprint, as the elements are close in the vertical dimension but separated in the horizontal plane.
4Ease of manufacture
If a single substrate is used, then manufacturing is simple, but design diversity and performance optimization are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into separate substrate modules that can be manufactured independently using standard PCB fabrication processes. Each substrate can be optimized for specific functions (radiating elements on one, parasitic elements on another), allowing for modular assembly and easier integration into different device platforms while maintaining manufacturing simplicity through standardized multi-layer PCB techniques.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves an operating frequency band of 17.7 GHz to 20.2 GHz with improved signal isolation and circular polarization, suitable for low-earth orbit satellite communication systems.
Implementation Method 1
a portion of the input electromagnetic wave is sequentially and electromagnetically coupled to the first feed-out probe and the first feed-in line, and another portion of the input electromagnetic wave is sequentially and electromagnetically coupled to the second feed-out probe and the second feed-in line
Implementation Method 2
The U-shaped slot 92 and the parasitic metal arms 94 are capable of broadening an operating frequency band of the patch antenna
Data Source
AI summary
A patch antenna includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a substrate module that are stacked from top to bottom, a driving radiative element that is disposed below the second substrate, and a parasitic radiative element that is disposed above the first substrate. The patch antenna further includes a first feed-in line and a second feed-in line that are disposed below the substrate module. The patch antenna further includes a first feed-out probe and a second feed-out probe, each of which extends from below the driving radiative element from top to bottom, and penetrates the substrate module. When the driving radiative element receives an electromagnetic wave, a portion of the electromagnetic wave is sequentially and electromagnetically coupled to the first feed-out probe and the first feed-in line, and another portion of the electromagnetic wave is sequentially and electromagnetically coupled to the second feed-out probe and the second feed-in line.