Rotated Stacked Patch Antenna Array for Dual-Band Gain Balance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems face challenges in designing antennas that can effectively operate across multiple frequency bands and polarizations with improved gain balance, particularly in 5G networks which require dual-band and dual-polarization capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A dual-band and dual-polarization patch antenna array is designed, where patch radiators are stacked and rotated relative to the ground plane to equalize the separation distance between polarization edges, and filters are used to reject unwanted frequency bands, allowing for efficient transmission and reception of signals across both low and high-band frequencies with improved gain balance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If patch radiators are stacked and rotated relative to the ground plane, then gain balance between polarizations is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patch radiators are rotated at a 45-degree angle relative to the ground plane edges, creating an asymmetric configuration that equalizes the separation distance between polarization edges. This asymmetric orientation improves gain balance between horizontal and vertical polarizations by ensuring equal electromagnetic field distribution for both polarizations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional planar antenna configuration to a three-dimensional stacked configuration. Multiple patch radiators are stacked vertically at different heights above the ground plane, allowing simultaneous support for multiple frequency bands and polarizations while maintaining compact form factor.
2Adaptability or versatility
If filters are added to reject unwanted frequency bands, then frequency selectivity is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Different patch radiators in the stack are designed with specific resonant frequencies tailored to their intended frequency bands. Each patch radiator has locally optimized dimensions and configurations to resonate at specific frequencies, enabling frequency band separation without requiring external filters for each band.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple frequency band filtering capabilities into a single integrated patch radiator stack structure. The stacked configuration allows different patches to handle different frequency bands simultaneously, merging what would traditionally require separate filtered systems into one unified antenna structure.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple patch radiators are stacked for dual-band operation, then frequency band coverage is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patch radiators are positioned at specific heights above the ground plane to create equipotential regions for different frequency bands. By carefully controlling the vertical spacing and orientation, the design ensures that each patch operates in an electromagnetic environment optimized for its resonant frequency, reducing sensitivity to manufacturing variations.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple independent patch radiator units, each designed to operate at specific frequency bands. This segmentation allows each patch to be independently optimized and manufactured, then assembled into a stack where the overall system achieves dual-band or multi-band operation through the combined performance of individual segments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances the antenna's ability to maintain gain balance across different polarizations and frequency bands, improving signal transmission and reception efficiency in 5G networks by optimizing the antenna's structure and filtering mechanisms.
Implementation Method 1
a first patch radiator associated with a first frequency band and a second patch radiator associated with a second frequency band
Implementation Method 2
rotating a patch radiator (e.g., at a forty-five (45) degree angle) may reduce or eliminate a difference in the distance between an edge of the ground plane and (i) an edge of the patch radiator associated with a first polarization (e.g., a horizontal polarization), such as an edge of the patch radiator associated with a feed having the first polarization, and (ii) another edge of the patch radiator associated with a second polarization (e.g., a vertical polarization)
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. According to one or more aspects, the described apparatus includes one or more stacks of patch radiators (such as patch antennas) comprising at least a first patch radiator and a second patch radiator. The first patch radiator is associated with a low-band frequency; the second patch radiator is associated with a high-band frequency. The first patch radiator and the second patch radiator may overlap a ground plane, which may be asymmetric. Some or all patch radiators in a stack may be rotated relative to the ground plane, such that some or all edge of a patch radiator may be nonparallel with one or more edges of the ground plane. Further, each patch radiator stack may include separate feeds for each of at least two frequencies and two polarizations, and thus at least four feeds (one for each frequency/polarization combination) in total.