Staggered Disk Drive Spinup Controller for RAID Power Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional RAID controllers are limited by power supply capacity, restricting the number of disk drives that can be spun up simultaneously due to excessive current draw, leading to increased 'Time to First Data' as all drives must reach their target spin rate before being ready to process data access commands.

Innovation Solution

A controller that initiates spin-up of multiple disk drives by monitoring each drive to reach a predetermined spin rate less than the target rate, allowing subsequent drives to spin up sooner without overloading the power supply, thereby reducing the time to achieve a ready state.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the number of disk drives spun up simultaneously is increased, then the productivity of the array is improved, but the current draw exceeds the power supply capacity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvearray readiness timeVSAvoidaggregate current draw
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The controller initiates spin-up of multiple disk drives simultaneously before the power supply capacity would be exceeded during full target speed operation. By starting drives at lower speeds where current draw is reduced, the system prepares drives in advance for full operation without immediately overloading the power supply.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The controller dynamically adjusts the spin-up process by monitoring individual drive acceleration and controlling the rate at which additional drives are initiated. The spin-up profile is made adaptive, with the controller adjusting which drives spin up next based on real-time power supply headroom and individual drive acceleration rates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If drives are spun up sequentially to limit current draw, then the power supply constraints are satisfied, but the time to first data increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply stabilityVSAvoidTime to First Data
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple drives are initiated for spin-up in advance, before they would normally be started sequentially. This preliminary action of starting more drives simultaneously at controlled speeds reduces the overall time to first data while still respecting power supply constraints through controlled acceleration profiles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The controller changes the operational parameters of spinning drives by allowing them to operate at different speeds during the spin-up phase. Drives can be at various intermediate speeds rather than all-at-full-speed or all-at-stopped, enabling more drives to be in transition simultaneously without exceeding power limits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If all drives are spun up to target speed before processing data, then data access reliability is ensured, but the array readiness time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata access readinessVSAvoidTime to First Data
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The controller allows some drives to reach full target speed while other drives are still accelerating through the spin-up process. Rather than requiring all drives to be fully ready before data access, the system permits partial operation where some drives are ready and others are becoming ready, reducing overall readiness time while maintaining data access capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary spin-up of multiple drives simultaneously, getting them close to or at target speed before data access is needed. This preliminary preparation of multiple drives in parallel reduces the time until the first drive is ready to process data commands.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2972906B1Methods and systems for optimized staggered disk drive spinup
Publication Date: 2018.08.22 WESTERN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • EP2972906B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2972906B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2972906B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

An array may comprise a plurality of disk drives and a controller coupled to the plurality of drives. The controller may be configured to initiate spin-up of one or more first disk drives of the array; determine when each of the first disk drive(s) of the array for which spin-up was initiated reaches a predetermined spin rate that is less than a target spin rate at which the disk drive is ready to process data access commands; and initiate spin-up of one or more second disk drives of the array as the first disk drive(s) is determined to have reached the predetermined spin rate.