Tin(II) Oxide Powder for Solubility and Flow Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Stannous oxide powders used for supplying tin ions in electroplating have poor solubility and handling properties, leading to supply passage blockages and poor handling during automatic application.
Innovation Solution
A stannous oxide powder with specific properties: 99.9% purity, 0.1 to 1.0 m²/g specific surface area, 2 to 4 g/cm³ TAP density, 30 to 60 µm d50 particle diameter, and 30 to 33° angle of repose, produced through controlled neutralization and drying processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the specific surface area of stannous oxide powder is increased to improve solubility, then solubility is improved, but fluidity deteriorates causing supply passage blockages
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the specific surface area parameter to a specific range (0.1 to 1.0 m²/g) rather than maximizing it indefinitely. This parameter change balances two opposing requirements: sufficient surface area for good solubility while maintaining surface area low enough to preserve powder fluidity and prevent supply passage blockages during automatic feeding operations
2Reliability
If the specific surface area of stannous oxide powder is increased to improve solubility, then solubility is improved, but handling property deteriorates during automatic supply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes an optimal range for specific surface area (0.1 to 1.0 m²/g) that simultaneously satisfies solubility requirements and handling properties. This parameter optimization enables the powder to be automatically supplied without blocking supply passages while maintaining adequate dissolution performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The powder exhibits improved solubility and handling properties, preventing supply passage blockages and enabling efficient automatic application.
Implementation Method 1
stannous oxide is often added as a supplement for tin ions that are consumed from an electrolyte. Stannous oxide (SnO) has a higher dissolution rate than that of stannic oxide (SnO2), and can allow easy production of a supplying solution.
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided is a stannous oxide powder that can be suitably used for supplying tin ions, and has improved solubility and at the same time has an improved handling property. A stannous oxide powder comprising stannous oxide and inevitable impurities, wherein a content of stannous oxide in a dry mass is 99.9% by mass or more; a specific surface area is from 0.1 to 1.0m2/g; a TAP density is from 2 to 4 g/cm3; a 50% particle diameter is from 30 to 60µm; and an angle of repose is from 10 to 33°.