Star-Shaped Nucleic Acid for Library Construction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing in vitro DNA display technologies face limitations in constructing large libraries and performing amplification and diversification due to the linear structure of templates, which affects reaction proximity and the complexity of codon/anti-codon hybridization, leading to issues like de-selection of positive codes and selection of negative codes, especially in complex libraries.
Innovation Solution
The use of a star structure comprising a nucleic acid and a chemical compound, where the nucleic acid forms a superstructure with multiple stems extending from a reaction center, enhancing reaction proximity and stability, allowing for the formation and amplification of chemical compounds without relying on pre-synthesized templates or codon/anti-codon recognition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If linear template structures are used in in vitro DNA display technologies, then the construction of combinatorial libraries is enabled, but reaction proximity is reduced and manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from linear one-dimensional template structures to two-dimensional star-shaped structures with multiple arms radiating from a central reaction center. This dimensional change allows multiple chemical groups to be positioned in close proximity at the center while maintaining separate encoding regions on different arms, thereby improving reaction proximity without compromising library complexity
2Loss of information
If linear template structures with codon/anti-codon hybridization are used, then information storage is enabled, but de-selection of positive codes and selection of negative codes occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the nucleic acid structure into functionally distinct segments: encoding regions (codons) on the arms and a separate reaction center. This segmentation physically separates the information storage function from the chemical reaction function, preventing interference between codon/anti-codon hybridization and chemical selection processes, thereby eliminating de-selection of positive codes and selection of negative codes
3Ease of manufacture
If pre-synthesized templates are used, then guided chemical synthesis is enabled, but device complexity and manufacturing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the template structure with the chemical reactants by incorporating multiple chemical groups directly onto the star-shaped nucleic acid structure at the reaction center. This integration eliminates the need for separate pre-synthesized templates and standalone chemical reagents, simplifying the overall manufacturing process while maintaining guided synthesis capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the efficient construction and amplification of large combinatorial libraries, improving reaction proximity and stability, allowing for the identification of chemical compounds even in minute amounts and facilitating molecular evolution by reducing the need for extensive template synthesis and codon/anti-codon recognition.
Implementation Method 1
The star structure comprises a reaction center and a plurality of stems. The stems are formed by a nucleic acid duplex
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a composition comprising a nucleic acid and a chemical compound, said composition forming a star structure defining 3 or more stems extending from a reaction center. The stems are formed by a nucleic acid duplex and the chemical compound has been formed in the reaction center as the reaction product of 3 or more chemical groups.The advantage of the composition is that a close proximity is provided between the chemical groups in the reaction center, thereby promoting a reaction. The invention also relates to a method for preparation of the composition. The advantage of the method is that it does not require the pre-synthesis of a large number of templates and that it is not dependent upon codon/anti-codon recognition for an encoded molecule to be formed.