Foamed Rubber Tread Using Starch Pellets for Ice Grip

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing tire rubber compositions for winter tires do not adequately enhance on-ice performance, as conventional methods using foamed rubber and additives like hard particles and porous materials do not consistently achieve sufficient friction and grip on icy surfaces.

Innovation Solution

A rubber composition for tires incorporating 100 parts of diene rubber with 0.5 to 20 parts of pellets comprising paper powder and starch, with a water content of 5 mass % or more, which undergoes water vapor foaming during vulcanization molding to create a foamed rubber tread, improving traction and grip without using organic solvents.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If foamed rubber is used in tread rubber to improve on-ice performance, then friction force on icy and snowy road surface is increased, but environmental load increases due to use of organic solvents as foaming agents

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveon-ice performanceVSAvoidenvironmental load
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the foaming mechanism from chemical (organic solvent-based) to physical (water vapor-based). By using water as a foaming agent that vaporizes during vulcanization, the invention eliminates harmful organic solvents while maintaining the foamed rubber structure that improves on-ice performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts water, which would normally be a harmless byproduct, into a useful foaming agent. The water contained in the starch granules vaporizes during vulcanization to create foam cells, transforming a simple substance into a beneficial foaming mechanism that eliminates environmental harm.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Reliability

If hard particles and porous particles are added to improve on-ice performance, then friction force is increased, but sufficient effect is not always obtained

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveon-ice performanceVSAvoidadditive effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite material system where starch granules serve multiple functions simultaneously: they act as foaming agents, provide hard particles for scratching ice, and create porous structures for water removal. This multi-functional composite approach replaces the need for multiple separate additives.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The starch granules perform multiple functions: foaming (through water vapor generation), providing hard particles (starch itself), and creating porous structure (after foaming). This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate additives and achieves sufficient on-ice performance improvement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Strength

If paper fibers and phenol type curing resin are added to increase rigidity, then structural strength is improved, but on-ice performance is not addressed

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproverigidityVSAvoidon-ice performance
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite material where starch granules embedded in rubber matrix provide both structural reinforcement and on-ice performance enhancement. The starch particles act as both filler for rigidity and functional additive for ice interaction, combining multiple benefits in one material system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of paper powder and starch pellets enhances on-ice performance by creating a foamed rubber with improved water absorption and scratch effects, reducing environmental impact and costs while maintaining abrasion resistance.

Implementation Method 1

pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more, which undergoes water vapor foaming during vulcanization molding to create a foamed rubber tread

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWater vapor foaming: Phase Change

Implementation Method 2

The use of paper powder and starch pellets enhances on-ice performance by creating a foamed rubber with improved water absorption and scratch effects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWater absorption: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentUS10030129B2Rubber composition for tire, tire, and method for manufacturing the tire
Publication Date: 2018.07.24 TOYO TIRE CORP

AI summary

A rubber composition for a tire comprises 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber, and from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more. A tire is provided with a tread rubber part comprising a foamed rubber formed by the rubber composition. A method for manufacturing a tire comprises mixing from 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of pellets comprising paper powder and starch and having water content of 5 mass % or more with 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising diene rubber to prepare a rubber composition, producing an unvulcanized tire using the rubber composition obtained, and vulcanization molding the unvulcanized tire.