Vehicle Starter Solenoid Switch Independent Control Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicle starters with magnet field type electric motors have complex electric circuitry, requiring multiple manufacturing steps and parts, and cannot utilize permanent magnets, leading to increased costs and limited flexibility in magnetic field systems.
Innovation Solution
A starter system with a solenoid and switch that can be independently controlled, featuring a single electromagnetic coil for the solenoid and a switch coil, allowing for simplified electric circuitry and the option to use either permanent magnets or field coils, with a diode to absorb counter electromotive force and prevent arc discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the solenoid and field coil are electrically connected by a wiring member, then current can flow to the field coil via the electromagnetic coil, but the electric circuitry becomes complicated and manufacturing steps increase
Solution Approach 1:
The field coil is integrated directly into the armature assembly, merging the field coil's function with the armature structure. This eliminates the need for separate wiring members to connect the electromagnetic coil to the field coil, thereby simplifying the electric circuitry while maintaining the current flow path functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The armature assembly is designed to serve multiple functions: it acts as both the rotating component of the motor and the housing for the field coil. This multi-functionality reduces the number of separate components and connections needed, simplifying the overall electric circuitry.
2Reliability
If the solenoid uses two coils (attraction coil and retention coil), then the plunger can be attracted and retained, but the number of parts and manufacturing steps increase
Solution Approach 1:
The retention function is extracted from a separate retention coil and implemented through a mechanical spring mechanism. The spring provides the retention force physically, eliminating the need for the second electromagnetic coil while maintaining reliable plunger retention through the combination of magnetic attraction and mechanical spring force.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the electromagnetic coil is short-circuited via the main contact, then no current passes through the attraction coil, but the circuit configuration becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The main contact serves dual functions: it acts as both the circuit switch for motor control and as the short-circuit path for the electromagnetic coil. This merging of functions eliminates the need for separate short-circuiting mechanisms, simplifying the circuit configuration while maintaining energy efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces manufacturing complexity and costs, enables independent control of the solenoid and switch, and allows for reliable engine starting and restarting, while extending the lifespan of starter relay contacts.
Implementation Method 1
a solenoid having an electromagnetic coil composed of a single coil and electrically separated from the motor circuit... supply of excitation current to the electromagnetic coil allowing the fixed core to be magnetized to attract the plunger
Implementation Method 2
a diode having a cathode and an anode, the cathode being electrically connected to a positive potential side point of the electromagnetic coil and the anode being electrically connected to the ground
Data Source
AI summary
In a starter for starting an on-vehicle engine, a solenoid is provided to push a pinion gear. The solenoid has an electromagnetic coil composed of a single coil and electrically separated from a motor circuit, a fixed core, and a plunger. Supply of excitation current to the electromagnetic coil allows the fixed core to be magnetized to attract the plunger. Hence, a movement of the plunger results in a push of the movable member toward the ring gear. A switch is provided in the circuit and has a contact, a movable core, and a switch coil functioning as an electromagnet attracting the movable core in response to supply of current to the switch coil. A movement of the movable core results in on/off switching operations of the switch. The switch is allowed to operate independently of the solenoid when both the switch and solenoid are controlled.