Stateful Service Gateway Failover in Public Cloud Networks

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Solution Overview

Problem

In public multi-tenant clouds, high availability logical network gateways face challenges in maintaining stateful services across active and standby instances operating in different physical locations, as the active and standby instances have different network addresses, leading to invalid connection states and service disruptions during failovers.

Innovation Solution

The centralized control plane distributes stateful service rules using public network addresses, with each instance mapping these addresses to their respective interface addresses, ensuring that the standby instance can seamlessly take over by converting connection states and service rules to its own interface addresses, maintaining service continuity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If active and standby gateway instances are deployed in different physical locations for high availability, then system reliability is improved, but connection state validity deteriorates because each instance has different network addresses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehigh availabilityVSAvoidconnection state validity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a mapping mechanism as an intermediary that translates between the network addresses of different gateway instances. The first gateway instance maintains a mapping to the second gateway instance's network address, allowing connection states to be valid across instances with different addresses. This mapping acts as a mediator that preserves connection state information while accommodating the physical separation of gateway instances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of network address representation by introducing mappings that associate different network addresses with each other. Instead of treating network addresses as fixed to physical locations, the system dynamically maps addresses between active and standby instances, allowing connection states to remain valid despite address differences in distributed deployments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If centralized routing components are deployed in active-standby pairs across different datacenters, then service continuity is improved, but data traffic between datacenters increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice continuityVSAvoiddata traffic cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary action by pre-configuring the standby gateway instance with mapping information before a failover event occurs. The standby instance already has the mapping to the active instance's network address stored, so when failover is needed, the standby can immediately assume the active role without requiring real-time communication or reconfiguration. This preliminary preparation enables rapid failover while minimizing disruption to data traffic patterns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Adaptability or versatility

If gateway instances use different network addresses in different physical locations, then physical deployment flexibility is improved, but service rule applicability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephysical deployment flexibilityVSAvoidservice rule applicability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves universality by creating a mapping mechanism that serves multiple purposes: it enables different gateway instances to use different network addresses for physical deployment flexibility, simultaneously maintains service rule applicability by translating addresses, and supports both active-standby operation and load balancing scenarios. The mapping infrastructure is universal enough to handle various deployment configurations without requiring separate solutions for each use case.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4164196B1High availability for stateful services in public cloud logical networks
Publication Date: 2024.11.27 NICIRA INC
  • EP4164196B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4164196B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4164196B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for a network controller that manages a logical network spanning multiple physical locations. For each physical location hosting data compute nodes (DCNs) belonging to the logical network, the method defines a centralized routing component for processing data messages between the DCNs hosted at the physical location and networks external to the logical network, assigns an active instance of the centralized routing component to operate at the physical location, and assigns a standby instance of the centralized routing component to operate at one of the other physical locations.