Steerable 5G Small Cells for Coverage and Interference Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
5G cellular networks require a large number of towers to maintain coverage, especially in high-traffic areas, which can lead to visual clutter and interference issues due to the need for direct line of sight with receiving devices, and existing antenna technologies face challenges in optimizing data flow and minimizing radiation exposure.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing distributed ledger technology for smart contracts to manage 5G small cells, steerable antennas, and learning systems to optimize data flow, combined with various antenna configurations and beamforming techniques to enhance coverage and reduce radiation exposure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If a large number of 5G towers are deployed to maintain coverage, then network coverage and capacity are improved, but visual clutter and interference issues worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making each antenna directional and steerable, concentrating signal transmission in specific directions rather than omnidirectional coverage. This allows fewer towers to achieve the same effective coverage area while reducing interference in non-target directions, thereby resolving the contradiction between coverage area and interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic beam steering capability where antenna directionality can be adjusted in real-time to track mobile devices. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to maintain optimal coverage with fewer towers by directing signals precisely where needed, reducing the need for additional static tower infrastructure that would contribute to visual clutter and interference.
2Productivity
If small cells are positioned frequently in busy areas to support superfast speeds, then data throughput is improved, but the number of towers and visual clutter worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of antenna directionality from fixed to steerable, enabling dynamic beam forming. This allows each small cell to concentrate signal energy in specific directions, achieving high data throughput without requiring frequent deployment of additional towers. The steerable capability enables one tower to serve multiple areas sequentially, reducing the total quantity of towers needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes each antenna system multi-functional by enabling it to serve multiple geographic areas through steering capabilities. A single small cell can dynamically adjust its beam direction to cover different zones at different times, replacing the need for multiple dedicated small cells in busy areas, thereby reducing the overall number of towers while maintaining high throughput.
3Area of stationary object
If traditional omnidirectional antennas are used, then coverage area is improved, but radiation exposure and interference worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces omnidirectional antennas with directional steerable antennas that concentrate radiation in specific directions toward target devices. This localizes the radiation exposure to only those areas where communication is needed, significantly reducing radiation in other directions while maintaining effective coverage area through targeted beam forming.
Data Source
AI summary
A system includes a distributed ledger storing one or more smart contracts; one or more 5G small cells, each having one or more antennas mounted on a housing, each small cell sending packets of data trackable with the distributed ledger; and a processor to control a directionality of the antennas in communication with a predetermined target using 5G protocols.