Stent Coated with Self-Assembled Monolayer for Localized Drug Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current implantable devices, such as stents, face challenges with systemic side effects due to non-targeted delivery of antiplatelet therapies, leading to increased bleeding risks and inefficiencies in preventing vascular interventions.
Innovation Solution
An implantable device coated with a self-assembled monolayer that covalently bonds therapeutic agents, such as ticagrelor, directly to its surface, providing targeted antiplatelet effects without systemic drug administration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If oral antiplatelet agents are administered systemically to prevent platelet aggregation at the stent site, then platelet inhibition efficacy is improved, but systemic bleeding risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by coating the stent surface with a self-assembled monolayer that presents specific functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, or thiol) to create a localized therapeutic environment. This allows platelet inhibition to occur specifically at the stent- blood interface without requiring systemic administration of antiplatelet drugs, thereby maintaining efficacy while avoiding systemic bleeding risks.
Solution Approach 2:
The self-assembled monolayer acts as an intermediary between the stent surface and the blood components. The monolayer's functional groups directly interact with platelets to inhibit aggregation, serving as a mediator that provides local antiplatelet therapy without the need for systemic drug circulation, thus resolving the contradiction between efficacy and bleeding risk.
2Reliability
If drug eluting stents are used to prevent neointimalhyperplasia, then therapeutic effect at the target site is improved, but drug is carried away by blood flow reducing local concentration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-coating the stent with a self-assembled monolayer before implantation. This monolayer is designed to provide immediate local therapeutic effect upon deployment, preventing the washout problem by having the therapeutic functionality already in place on the stent surface rather than relying on drug elution that can be carried away by blood flow.
Solution Approach 2:
The self-assembled monolayer creates a localized therapeutic environment directly at the stent surface with high local concentration of functional groups. This localized approach ensures that the therapeutic effect is concentrated where needed (at the stent-blood interface) and is not dispersed or carried away by blood flow, maintaining both efficacy and local concentration.
3Reliability
If oral medication is administered to ensure therapeutic concentration at target tissue, then treatment efficacy is improved, but systemic exposure to the drug increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements local quality by modifying the stent surface with a self-assembled monolayer that provides therapy locally at the implant site. This eliminates the need for systemic drug administration, achieving treatment efficacy through localized action while avoiding systemic exposure entirely. The functional groups on the monolayer create a localized pharmacological effect without requiring drug circulation throughout the body.
Solution Approach 2:
The stent with self-assembled monolayer provides self-service therapy by inherently possessing antiplatelet and anti-proliferative properties through its surface chemistry. The device treats itself and the surrounding tissue without requiring external drug administration, achieving therapeutic efficacy through the monolayer's intrinsic functionality while avoiding systemic drug exposure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves localized therapeutic effects, reducing systemic side effects and the need for antiplatelet therapies, thereby enhancing the safety and efficacy of vascular interventions.
Implementation Method 1
a self-assembled monolayer comprising molecules comprising a first portion (moiety) bonded to a surface of the body, a second portion (moiety) opposite the first portion
Implementation Method 2
a therapeutic agent comprising at least one therapeutic molecule covalently bonded to the second portion of the molecules of the self-assembled monolayer
Data Source
AI summary
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