Stepped-Frequency Radar Wall Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current detection technologies fail to effectively detect moving entities concealed behind walls, such as individuals or objects, due to limitations in visual recognition and signal penetration.
Innovation Solution
A stepped-frequency radar system that transmits signals through a wall, processes reflected signals for frequency and phase shifts, and analyzes the data to determine the presence and movement of entities on the opposite side, using a processor to differentiate between moving and stationary objects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If visual recognition methods are used to detect entities, then detection simplicity is maintained, but detection capability through walls is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces visual recognition methods with a radar-based electromagnetic signal system. The radar transmitter emits signals that penetrate walls, and the receiver detects reflected signals from entities behind walls, substituting direct visual detection with electromagnetic wave interaction and signal processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces electromagnetic signals as an intermediary medium to detect entities behind walls. The radar signals act as a mediator that can penetrate through wall materials, carrying information about entities on the other side back to the detector through reflections.
2Measurement precision
If signal processing is performed to detect moving entities through walls, then detection accuracy is improved, but processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic transmission of radar signals at stepped frequencies. By transmitting signals in periodic cycles with varying frequencies and analyzing the temporal patterns of reflected signals, the system achieves accurate detection of moving entities while maintaining manageable processing time through structured periodic measurement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses dynamic frequency stepping in the radar signal transmission. The frequency of the transmitted signal changes over time in a stepped manner, allowing the system to gather information at multiple frequencies and process the dynamic changes in reflected signals to distinguish moving entities from stationary objects.
3Reliability
If reflected signals from stationary objects are included in detection, then signal strength is increased, but detection of moving entities is obscured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detected signals based on their temporal and frequency characteristics. By dividing the analysis into different frequency components and time intervals, the system separates signals from stationary objects (which show consistent patterns) from signals of moving entities (which show Doppler shifts and temporal variations), allowing both to be processed separately.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the stationary clutter signals from the total received signal through signal processing techniques. By identifying and eliminating the components corresponding to stationary objects, the system isolates the remaining signals that contain information about moving entities, improving detection precision without losing overall signal strength.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate detection of moving entities, including breathing and running individuals, through non-metallic walls, with improved sensitivity and reduced interference, suitable for military and rescue operations.
Implementation Method 1
a stepped-frequency radar transmitter coupled to a transmit antenna to transmit a stepped-frequency radar signal
Implementation Method 2
detecting reflected portions of the radar signal that are reflected by entities located beyond the second side of the wall
Implementation Method 3
processing the reflected portions to generate processed data including information associated with frequency shifts between the transmitted signal and the detected signal
Data Source
AI summary
Sensing moving entities includes transmitting a stepped-frequency radar signal including multiple frequencies through a wall from a first side of the wall to a second side of the wall. Portions of the radar signal that are reflected by entities located beyond the second side of the wall are detected. The reflected portions are processed to generate processed data including information associated with frequency shifts between the transmitted signal and the detected signal. The processed data is analyzed to determine if reflected portions are associated with moving entities.