Stepped Measuring Body for 3-Axis Machine Tool Geometry Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
3-axis machine tools suffer from significant geometric inaccuracies due to multiple overlapping deviations, including linear and rotational errors, which affect the precision of workpiece machining.
Innovation Solution
A measuring body and method for verifying and compensating geometrical deviations in 3-axis machine tools, utilizing a base plate with stepped walls and holes, combined with a 3D measuring probe and control unit, to determine and correct geometric errors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional measuring methods are used to verify geometrical deviations, then measurement can be performed, but measurement precision and efficiency are insufficient due to inability to detect all 21 possible errors
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring body is segmented into distinct functional elements: base plate with rows of holes for X-Y positioning, first wall with steps for Z-height measurement, and second wall for reference. This segmentation allows each element to contribute to detecting specific types of geometrical deviations, enabling comprehensive error detection while keeping the overall structure manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from traditional 2D measurement approaches to 3D spatial measurement by incorporating vertical steps on walls that extend into the Z-dimension. This allows simultaneous measurement of positional deviations in X, Y directions and height deviations in Z direction, enabling detection of all 21 geometrical errors including linear, rotational, and perpendicularity deviations.
2Reliability
If comprehensive geometrical deviation verification is performed, then all 21 possible errors can be detected, but measurement time and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring body is pre-configured with specific geometric features (rows of holes at predetermined positions, walls with defined steps) that encode the measurement requirements. This preliminary structuring allows the measurement system to automatically capture all necessary geometric data in a single measurement sequence, eliminating the need for multiple separate measurement operations and significantly reducing measurement time.
Solution Approach 2:
The measuring body serves itself by having its own geometric features (holes, steps, walls) that directly provide the reference information needed for measurement. The structure inherently contains the measurement targets, eliminating the need for external measurement artifacts or complex setup procedures, thereby reducing both measurement time and operational complexity.
3Ease of manufacture
If simple measuring body design is used, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but measurement capability is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring body uses uniform material properties and consistent manufacturing processes throughout its structure. The base plate, walls, and steps are all fabricated as integrated features from the same material using the same manufacturing approach, eliminating the need for complex assemblies of different components. This homogeneity simplifies manufacturing while the precise geometric relationships between features are maintained through single-piece fabrication.
Solution Approach 2:
The measuring body is designed as a universal artifact that can verify all 21 types of geometrical deviations in machine tools. The combination of base plate with hole rows for planar positioning and walls with steps for vertical measurement creates a multi-functional device that simultaneously provides reference for X, Y, Z position measurements and for detecting linear, rotational, and perpendicularity errors, eliminating the need for multiple specialized measuring artifacts.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a measuring body for verifying geometrical deviations in a 3-axis machine tool comprising a base plate, a first wall which is arranged on the base plate and projects perpendicularly from the base plate, a second wall which is arranged on the base plate and projects perpendicularly from the base plate wherein a first row of holes and a second row of holes are formed in the base plate, wherein the first wall has, at an upper exposed region, a stepped region with a plurality of steps and wherein the second wall has, at an upper exposed region, a stepped region with a plurality of steps. The invention further relates to a 3-axis machine tool having a measuring body of this kind, and to a method for verifying and compensating geometrical deviations of the 3-axis machine tool.