Stepper Motor Voltage Control for Low-Noise Sinusoidal Drive
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for driving stepping motors result in nonperiodic current ripples and vibrations due to noise and distortion, leading to undesirable noise and vibration issues.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for controlling stepping motors that determine a driving voltage based on a predetermined electric current and operating parameters using a function that includes sinusoidal current, back electromotive force constant, phase inductance, and phase resistance, with the ability to adjust for temperature and load angle, and utilize an H-bridge to drive the motor with PWM signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If PWM chopper controller is used to control stepping motor current, then current can be maintained within predetermined values, but nonperiodic ripples are generated causing noise and vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by using sinusoidal current waves instead of traditional PWM chopper control. The sinusoidal current is generated periodically with a frequency matching the motor's electrical characteristics, creating smooth periodic current flow that eliminates nonperiodic ripples and their associated noise and vibration while maintaining precise current control within predetermined values
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the current waveform parameter from square wave (PWM) to sinusoidal wave. This parameter change transforms the current characteristics to be smoother and more periodic, which directly addresses the noise and vibration issue while maintaining effective current control through the modified waveform shape
2Reliability
If feedback current control is used, then winding currents are controlled within predetermined values, but distortion at zero crossing point causes motor vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the current waveform parameter from square wave with abrupt zero crossings to sinusoidal wave with smooth zero crossings. This parameter change eliminates the distortion at zero crossing point that causes vibration, while feedback control maintains the sinusoidal current within predetermined values throughout the waveform cycle
3Ease of operation
If traditional driving chip with PWM chopper is used, then motor operation is controlled, but nonperiodic ripples exist in winding currents when motor is not working
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by implementing sinusoidal current generation that maintains stable periodic waveforms even when the motor is not actively working. This periodic sinusoidal approach replaces the unstable nonperiodic ripples generated by PWM chopper control, providing consistent current waveform stability while preserving motor control capability through the periodic signal
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces noise and vibrations in stepping motors by optimizing the driving voltage and current, improving the motor's operational stability and performance.
Implementation Method 1
driving the stepping motor to work based on the driving voltage via an H-bridge
Implementation Method 2
the function may include |U|=√{square root over ((|I|ωL+ω|C|sin γ)2+(|I|R+ω|C|cos γ)2)}, wherein |U| denotes an amplitude of the driving voltage, |I| denotes an amplitude of the predetermined electric current, the predetermined electric current is a sinusoidal current, ω denotes an angular frequency of the driving voltage, |C| denotes a back electromotive force constant of the stepping motor
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for controlling a stepping motor. A method may include determining a driving voltage based on a function, wherein the function includes a predetermined electric current and operating parameters of the stepping motor; and driving the stepping motor to work based on the driving voltage via an H-bridge.