Stereoscopic Camera Calibration for Neuro-Navigators
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cerebral neuro-navigator calibration methods are imprecise due to operator error and restrictive positioning, causing unwanted shaking and limited movement for both the operator and patient, necessitating invasive and cumbersome procedures.
Innovation Solution
A calibration apparatus with a stereoscopic video camera and a rigid body equipped with optical markers, allowing precise point acquisition by detecting movements within a predetermined range, reducing the need for pedals and enabling easier deletion of imprecise points, thus enhancing operator and patient mobility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a pedal is used to acquire calibration points, then the acquisition process is controlled, but the operator experiences shaking and limited movement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the pedal from the calibration system entirely. Instead of requiring pedal activation, the system automatically detects when the calibration reference is properly positioned and acquires the calibration point automatically, eliminating the source of operator shaking and mobility restrictions
Solution Approach 2:
The calibration system performs self-acquisition by automatically detecting the position of optical markers and determining when calibration points have been properly established, without requiring manual pedal activation by the operator
2Measurement precision
If the video camera is positioned to capture optical markers, then acquisition accuracy is improved, but operator and patient movement is restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from fixed two-dimensional camera positioning to three-dimensional spatial tracking using multiple cameras or a stereoscopic system, allowing accurate marker detection from various angles and positions without restricting operator or patient movement
3Measurement precision
If the calibration reference is kept on the patient's head for a long time to ensure precision, then measurement accuracy is improved, but patient comfort deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic verification of calibration point stability rather than continuous prolonged positioning. The automatic detection system can quickly verify calibration accuracy and confirm proper positioning within a short time frame, eliminating the need for prolonged reference placement on the patient's head
4Measurement precision
If a second pedal is added to delete imprecise points, then calibration accuracy is improved, but device complexity and movement restrictions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the second deletion pedal entirely. The system automatically detects and corrects imprecise calibration points through re-detection and validation algorithms, eliminating the need for manual deletion operations and associated hardware
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables precise and non-invasive calibration with increased freedom of movement, reducing discomfort and operational complexity by accurately aligning brain map movements with patient head movements without the need for pedals, improving calibration accuracy and comfort.
Implementation Method 1
at least one stereoscopic video camera (8) designed to detect the optical markers (6)
Data Source
AI summary
Described is an apparatus for calibrating or measuring target points (1) for cerebral neuro-navigators, comprising a processor (2) comprising a video output (3) on which can be displayed a preloaded three-dimensional or two-dimensional map (4) of a brain of a patient, a rigid body (5) comprising a plurality of optical markers (6) and a supporting tip (7) designed to be rested on the head of the patient and a stereoscopic video camera (8) configured to detect a position of the optical markers (6) relative to the head of the patient at a preset point (9) of the head of the patient and sending the position to the processor (2) to allow the acquisition of the preset point (9). The stereoscopic video camera (8) is configured for detecting and sending to the processor (2) static positions and movements of the optical markers (6). The processor (2) is also configured for acquiring the position of the preset point (9) when the movements of the optical markers (6) fall within a preset range of movement (10) for the entire duration of a preset time interval (11).