Stimulus-Responsive Polymeric Separation Medium for Analyte Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional blotting techniques suffer from resolution losses during membrane transfer, require labor-intensive procedures, and are prone to size and hydrophobicity biases, as well as poor reagent delivery, making them impractical for clinical use and inefficient in separating large molecules.

Innovation Solution

A polymeric separation medium configured to immobilize constituents and expand pore size upon stimulus application, using a combination of non-labile and labile crosslinkers, and functional groups for enhanced detection and analysis.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional blotting techniques use dense polymer matrices for separation, then separation resolution is improved, but reagent delivery becomes poor and analysis time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation resolutionVSAvoidanalysis time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by using a stimulus-responsive polymer matrix that can dynamically change its pore size in response to external stimuli (such as pH, temperature, or chemical agents). The matrix transitions from a dense state during separation to a swollen state during reagent delivery, allowing the system to optimize for both separation resolution and reagent accessibility at different stages of the analysis

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes parameter changes by modifying the physical state of the polymer matrix through external stimuli. The matrix exhibits reversible transitions between collapsed (dense) and swollen (porous) states, allowing control over pore size and polymer chain conformation to achieve both high-resolution separation and efficient reagent delivery

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If conventional blotting techniques use high density polymers for reagent delivery, then reagent delivery is improved, but separation performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereagent delivery efficiencyVSAvoidseparation performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The stimulus-responsive matrix dynamically adjusts its density and pore structure based on the operational phase. During reagent delivery, the matrix is in a swollen state with large pores that facilitate rapid reagent diffusion, while during separation, it transitions to a dense state for high-resolution biomolecule separation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs parameter changes by using external stimuli to control the degree of polymer chain expansion and collapse. This allows the matrix to switch between a dense configuration for separation and an expanded configuration for reagent delivery, optimizing both functions sequentially

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional blotting techniques are used, then biomolecule separation is achieved, but labor-intensive procedures and multi-step processes are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebiomolecule separationVSAvoidprocedure steps
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple functions into a single integrated matrix system. The stimulus-responsive polymer matrix simultaneously performs separation, provides reagent delivery pathways, and enables detection, eliminating the need for separate transfer membranes and multiple processing steps required in conventional blotting techniques

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies universality by designing a multi-functional matrix that can perform separation, facilitate reagent delivery, and support detection activities within a single phase. This eliminates the need for sequential operations involving multiple membranes and complex procedural steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution improves separation resolution, reduces analysis time, and minimizes biases, enabling efficient detection of analytes in fluid samples with increased accessibility for reagents, thus enhancing the practicality and accuracy of blotting techniques.

Implementation Method 1

a polymeric separation medium configured to immobilize one or more constituents of interest in the polymeric separation medium

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Implementation Method 2

have an increased pore size upon application of an applied stimulus

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwelling:

Implementation Method 3

applying an electric field across the polymeric separation medium in a manner sufficient to produce separated sample components

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrophoresis: Electrophoresis

Data Source

PatentEP3151939B1Devices and methods using pore size modulation for detecting analytes in a fluid sample
Publication Date: 2023.08.09 RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
  • EP3151939B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3151939B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3151939B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided are devices that include a polymeric separation medium configured to immobilize one or more constituents of interest in the polymeric separation medium and have an increased pore size upon application of an applied stimulus. Systems including the devices, as well as methods of using the devices, are also provided. Embodiments of the present disclosure find use in a variety of different applications, including detecting whether an analyte is present in a fluid sample.